Overview
m-Xylene is one of the three isomers of dimethylbenzene, distinguished by its meta-positioned methyl groups on the benzene ring. It is a key intermediate in the petrochemical industry, derived from catalytic reforming or coal tar distillation. As a versatile solvent, m-xylene is favored for its balanced evaporation rate and effectiveness in resins, adhesives, and coatings. Its role in synthesizing isophthalic acid—a precursor for high-performance polymers—makes it indispensable in plastics manufacturing.
Physical and Chemical Properties
m-Xylene exhibits typical aromatic hydrocarbon characteristics, including low water solubility and high compatibility with organic solvents like ethanol and ether. Its density (0.864 g/cm³) and boiling point (139°C) are slightly higher than those of o-xylene due to molecular symmetry. The compound is thermally stable but forms explosive mixtures with air at concentrations of 1.1–7.0% by volume. It resists oxidation under ambient conditions but undergoes nitration or sulfonation in aggressive chemical processes.
Main Applications
Over 60% of m-xylene is consumed in producing isophthalic acid, which modifies PET resins to enhance thermal stability for packaging and textiles. As a solvent, it is used in printing inks, rubber adhesives, and pesticide formulations. Niche applications include dye synthesis and laboratory use as a clearing agent in histology. Recent research explores its potential in bio-based chemical production via catalytic conversion.
Safety and Storage
m-Xylene is classified as flammable (Flash point: 25°C) and a mild irritant. Prolonged exposure may cause central nervous system depression. NFPA-rated ventilation and grounded containers are mandatory for bulk storage. Spills should be contained using inert absorbents like vermiculite. Waste disposal must comply with local regulations, typically through licensed incineration or recovery facilities.
B2B Procurement Guide
Industrial buyers should prioritize suppliers with ISO 9001 certification and batch-wise purity analysis (GC/MS). Tanker shipments reduce costs for volumes above 20 metric tons, while ISO tanks suit smaller quantities. Contracts should specify testing methods (ASTM D5211), moisture content (<0.1%), and logistics protocols to prevent contamination. Asian markets often offer competitive pricing, but verify tariff structures and lead times.
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