Overview
Hydroxylamine solution is an important industrial chemical typically sold as an aqueous solution containing 50-70% hydroxylamine (NH2OH). It exists in equilibrium with its hydrate form (NH2OH·H2O) in solution. The compound serves as a versatile reducing agent and nucleophile in organic chemistry, valued for its ability to form oximes with carbonyl compounds. First prepared in 1865, hydroxylamine solution has become essential in modern chemical manufacturing. Commercial solutions often contain stabilizers to prevent decomposition. The chemical industry consumes large quantities for pharmaceutical synthesis, while other significant applications include photography, rubber production, and water treatment processes.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Hydroxylamine solutions appear as clear, colorless to slightly yellow liquids with a faint, characteristic odor. The 50% aqueous solution has a density of approximately 1.04 g/cm³ at 20°C. As a weak base (pKb ≈ 8), it forms salts with acids that are often more stable than the free base. The solution demonstrates strong reducing properties, capable of reducing metal ions and oxidizing to nitrogen oxides or elemental nitrogen. It undergoes exothermic decomposition when heated or concentrated, requiring careful temperature control. Hydroxylamine forms explosive complexes with certain metal ions (particularly iron and copper), necessitating strict purity controls in industrial applications.
Main Applications
In pharmaceuticals, hydroxylamine solution serves as a key intermediate for producing antibiotics (including penicillin and cephalosporin derivatives) and various other active pharmaceutical ingredients. The photographic industry utilizes it as a developing agent in silver halide emulsions. Industrial applications include rubber vulcanization acceleration, textile treatment for anti-shrink processes, and as a corrosion inhibitor in boiler water treatment. Emerging uses include semiconductor manufacturing for wafer cleaning and in organic synthesis for producing oximes, hydroxamic acids, and other nitrogen-containing compounds. Approximately 40% of global production goes into caprolactam manufacture for nylon production.
Safety and Storage
Hydroxylamine solution requires careful handling due to its corrosive nature and potential for exothermic decomposition. Storage containers should be made of polyethylene or stainless steel (316 grade), kept in cool (15-25°C), well-ventilated areas away from oxidizers and heat sources. Personnel must wear chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, and protective clothing when handling. Spills should be contained with inert absorbents and neutralized with dilute acid. Firefighting requires alcohol-resistant foam—water may not effectively control decomposition fires. Facilities should maintain dedicated equipment to prevent metal ion contamination that could catalyze dangerous reactions.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring hydroxylamine solution, buyers should specify required concentration (typically 50% or 70% w/w), purity grade (technical or reagent), and any stabilization requirements. Pharmaceutical applications may require USP or EP grade material with stringent impurity controls. Suppliers typically offer bulk quantities in intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) or drums, with some providing customized packaging solutions. Request certificates of analysis and safety data sheets for each batch. Consider supplier capabilities for technical support, emergency response, and just-in-time delivery to minimize onsite storage requirements. Price negotiations should account for volume commitments, packaging preferences, and transportation costs.
Related Manufacturers
- 主营：异丙醇、冰醋酸、化工原料、羟胺水溶液、正庚烷、甲基环己烷、乙二醇、苯酚、江苏异丙醇、江苏化工原料、工业吡啶、工业苯酚、正丁醇、MIBK、无水乙醇、正己烷
- 主营：阻燃剂、拉那白、牛儿酮、羟胺、海藻糖、热敏蓝、萘磺酸、氯菊酯、硫酸锌、催化剂、杨梅酯、檀香醚、聚醚胺、吸收剂、脂檀油、苍术素、羟钴胺、转移剂、溶剂绿、麝香酮、王浆酸、芬多精、纤维素、新戊酯、王冠醚、遮甜粉
- 主营：阻燃剂、乙酸镍、乙酸镝、羟胺水溶液50、硫酸锂、硫酸锶、溴氨酸、香茅醇、肌氨酸、锂电池、四氢萘、磷酸铬、碳酸镁、碳酸镍、防冻剂、磷酸铝、叔丁醇、氟苯基、浮选剂、稀释剂、羟乙基、去除剂、庚二酸、除磷剂、十八烯、蛋白酶
- 主营：羟胺水溶液、精细化工品、有机中间体
- 主营：全氟三丁胺、氢化镁、碳纳米管导电浆料、羟胺、羟基磷灰石、311-89-7、提取物、树脂、硅烷、萃取剂
- 主营：透析袋、移液器、SIGMA、羟胺溶液467804、赛默飞、爱思进、吸头/枪头、离心管、巴氏吸管、保存管、封板膜、细胞爬片、滤器、ELISA试剂盒
- 主营：透析袋、移液器、SIGMA、羟胺溶液467804、赛默飞、爱思进、康宁、离心管、巴氏吸管、保存管、封板膜、细胞爬片、滤器、ELISA试剂盒
- 主营：乙醇钾、烯丙基碘、异戊酰氯、羟胺溶液工业级、癸二酰氯、偏钒酸钾、丙二酰氯、糠基硫醇、硫代乳酸、1-乙基哌啶、n-丁基苯胺、2-环己烯酮、2-乙基吡啶、4-乙基吡啶、4-碘硝基苯、3-碘硝基苯、二丙基硫醚、碘代仲丁烷、间硝基苯胺、硫氰酸苄酯、硫氰酸甲酯、分析纯试剂、环氧溴丙烷、乙酸间甲苯酯、氯仿酸氯甲酯、重氮乙酸乙酯
- 主营：硫代癸烷、化学试剂、总镍试剂、羟胺水溶液、棕榈酸甲酯、正辛酸甲酯、仲丁基氯化镁、正庚基溴化镁、仲丁基溴化镁、棕榈酸异丙酯
- 主营：涂料助剂、工业清洗剂、表面活性剂、羟胺溶液、合成材料助剂、合成香料、溶剂、香精和香料中间体、合成材料中间体、炼厂助剂、选矿药剂
- 主营：硫酸汞、硝酸汞、雷尼镍、羟胺溶液价格、二十烷、丁二酸、硫化银、正己醇、硫酸镉、铋酸钠、苯甲醇、硅酸钠、正辛酸、硫酸镁、磷钨酸、滑石粉、草酸锡、蓖麻油、椰子油、钒试剂、异辛醇
- 主营：1-苯丙醇、1-萘甲醚、科隆试剂、羟胺溶液分析纯、罗恩试剂、金刚烷醇、1-溴十八烷、2-恶唑烷酮、1-甲酰哌啶、2-氟苯甲醛、2-甲基吡嗪、2-氮己环酮、1-溴金刚烷、阿拉丁试剂、麦克林试剂、科密欧试剂、大小化工试剂
- 主营：涂料助剂、工业清洗剂、表面活性剂、羟胺溶液、合成材料助剂、合成香料、溶剂、香精和香料中间、合成材料中间体、选矿药剂、萃取剂
- 主营：α-氨基、联吡啶、丁烯酸、阻燃剂、10-蒽二、二苯胺、胶黏剂、氨基芴、二苯胍、十八酸、乙二酸、肉桂醇、王浆酸、异丁酮、溴化鏻、乙氧基、豆甾醇、碘乙烷、二乙醇、氟苯基、稀释剂、羟乙基、3382-63-6、氯甲酚、桂皮醇
- 主营：羟胺、环酸、异构十醇