Overview
Citalopram is a widely used antidepressant belonging to the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class. It was first introduced in the 1980s and has since become a cornerstone in the treatment of depression and anxiety disorders. The compound works by increasing serotonin levels in the brain, which helps improve mood and reduce anxiety. Citalopram is favored for its relatively mild side effect profile compared to older antidepressants. It is available in various forms, including tablets and oral solutions, making it versatile for different patient needs. The drug is commonly prescribed under brand names such as Celexa and Cipramil.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Citalopram is a white to off-white crystalline powder with a molecular weight of 324.39 g/mol. It has a melting point range of 182-185°C and is slightly soluble in water but more soluble in organic solvents like ethanol and methanol. The compound is stable under normal storage conditions but should be protected from light and moisture to prevent degradation. The molecular formula of citalopram is C20H21FN2O, reflecting its complex structure that includes a fluorine atom. This structure is key to its pharmacological activity, as it allows the molecule to selectively inhibit serotonin reuptake with minimal effects on other neurotransmitters.
Main Applications
Citalopram is primarily used to treat major depressive disorder (MDD) and various anxiety disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and panic disorder. Its ability to enhance serotonin signaling makes it effective in alleviating symptoms of depression, such as low mood, fatigue, and lack of interest in daily activities. In addition to its psychiatric uses, citalopram is sometimes prescribed off-label for conditions like obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Its efficacy and tolerability have made it a first-line treatment option in many clinical guidelines.
Safety and Storage
Citalopram is generally well-tolerated, but it can cause side effects such as nausea, insomnia, dry mouth, and dizziness. Serious but rare side effects include serotonin syndrome, especially when combined with other serotonergic drugs. Patients with a history of heart conditions should use citalopram with caution due to potential QT interval prolongation. Proper storage of citalopram is essential to maintain its stability. The compound should be kept in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture. Bulk quantities should be stored in airtight containers to prevent contamination and degradation.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring citalopram in bulk, B2B buyers should prioritize suppliers who adhere to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP). Verification of the CAS number (59729-33-8) and purity specifications is crucial to ensure product quality. Buyers should also request certificates of analysis (CoA) to confirm the compound's identity and purity. Price ranges for citalopram typically vary between $50 and $100 per kilogram, depending on the quantity and purity. It is advisable to establish long-term relationships with reputable suppliers to ensure consistent quality and reliable delivery schedules. Buyers should also stay informed about regulatory changes that may affect the supply chain.
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