Overview
Human adiponectin is a 244-amino-acid protein hormone secreted primarily by adipose tissue. It circulates in the bloodstream as trimeric, hexameric, or high-molecular-weight oligomers, each with distinct biological roles. Discovered in the mid-1990s, adiponectin has since been recognized as a key regulator of glucose metabolism and fatty acid oxidation. Unlike other adipokines, adiponectin levels are inversely correlated with obesity and insulin resistance. Its receptors (AdipoR1/R2) are widely expressed in tissues like muscle and liver, mediating AMPK and PPAR-α signaling pathways. Research links low adiponectin levels to type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Adiponectin is a collagen-like protein with a C-terminal globular domain resembling TNF-α. Its tertiary structure enables oligomerization, critical for receptor binding. The hormone is stable at physiological pH (7.4) but degrades under extreme temperatures or proteolytic conditions. For laboratory use, recombinant adiponectin is typically expressed in E. coli or mammalian cells, yielding products with varying post-translational modifications (e.g., glycosylation). Analytical methods include ELISA for quantification and Western blot for oligomeric state assessment. Purity is confirmed via SDS-PAGE, with monomers appearing at ~30 kDa.
Main Applications
In research, adiponectin is used to study metabolic syndrome mechanisms, with knock-out mouse models demonstrating its protective role against insulin resistance. Pharmaceutical companies explore analogs like pegylated adiponectin for diabetes therapy. Diagnostically, serum adiponectin levels serve as biomarkers for metabolic health. Clinical trials investigate recombinant adiponectin for treating rare lipodystrophies. Emerging applications include anti-inflammatory therapies, as adiponectin inhibits NF-κB signaling in macrophages.
Safety and Storage
Research-grade adiponectin poses minimal hazard but requires standard biosafety level 1 precautions. Therapeutic formulations demand sterile handling to prevent endotoxin contamination. Lyophilized protein should be reconstituted in PBS or culture media without carrier proteins to avoid interference. Long-term storage at -80°C preserves activity; aliquoting prevents degradation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Shipping typically uses dry ice for international transport. Stability studies indicate >90% activity retention after 12 months when stored properly.
B2B Procurement Guide
Buyers should prioritize vendors with ISO 13485 certification for therapeutic-grade material. Key specifications include: ≥95% purity (HPLC), <0.1 EU/μg endotoxin, and validated bioactivity (e.g., 50-100% insulin-sensitizing effect vs. reference standard). Bulk orders (100mg+) may negotiate 15-30% discounts. Lead times vary: 2-4 weeks for off-the-shelf recombinant products, 8-12 weeks for customized variants. Consider suppliers offering characterization reports (CD spectroscopy, mass spectrometry) and batch-to-batch consistency guarantees.
Related Manufacturers
- 主营：ELISA试剂盒、ELISA检测试剂盒、小鼠ELISA试剂盒、人ELISA试剂盒、大鼠ELISA试剂盒、试剂盒elisa
- 主营：ELISA试剂盒、PCR试剂盒、生化试剂盒、人脂联素受体1ELISAKit、科研试剂
- 主营：大鼠ELISA试剂盒、生化法检测试剂盒、分子学检测试剂盒、人ELISA试剂盒、植物ELISA试剂盒、鱼ELISA试剂盒
- 主营：脂联素受体2、elisa试剂盒
- 主营：试剂盒、试剂瓶、白吸头、脂联素、蓝吸头、黄吸头、实验服务、ELISA免费实验代测、Western实验服务、科研试剂盒
- 主营：人乙酰胆碱酯酶、特异性抗原、带状疱疹病毒、脂肪酸结合蛋白
- 主营：elisa试剂盒、小鼠elisa试剂盒、大鼠elisa试剂盒、人elisa试剂盒、植物elisa试剂盒、鱼elisa试剂盒、猪elisa试剂盒、牛elisa试剂盒、鸡elisa试剂盒、兔elisa试剂盒、犬elisa试剂盒
- 主营：ATCC细胞系、原代细胞、原代永生化
- 主营：培养添加因子、标记试剂盒、特色二抗、单抗融合套装、ELISA试剂盒、蛋白纯化试剂盒
- 主营：ELISA试剂盒、检测试剂盒、生化试剂盒、pcr检测试剂盒、细胞
- 主营：试剂盒、结合蛋白、大鼠睾酮、人端粒酶、抗胰蛋白酶、过氧化物酶、大鼠铁蛋白、乳酸脱氢酶、表皮调节素、丙酮酸激酶、大鼠脂多糖、糖化血清蛋白、大鼠前白蛋白、大鼠补体蛋白、大鼠纤维蛋白、神经营养因子、促卵泡生成素、肿瘤坏死因子、大鼠肌酸激酶、糖化载脂蛋白、大鼠环氧合酶、半乳糖核酸酶、大鼠糜蛋白酶、大鼠补体片段、促黄体生成素
- 主营：ELISA检测试剂盒、检测试剂盒、酶联免疫检测试剂盒、人脂联素受体1、PCR试剂盒
- 主营：合成酶、微量法、dna提取、人落叶、人新生、赫澎人、人免疫、人叶酸、人睾酮、人多肽、人血管、糖蛋白、试剂盒、脂蛋白、测试盒、果汁中、dnamarker、模拟abo、dna抗体、极速pcr、病毒igg、双链dna、雄二酮、干扰素、食欲素