Overview
Hydrated lime, or calcium hydroxide, is a widely used chemical compound derived from quicklime (calcium oxide). It is a staple in household applications due to its alkaline properties and versatility. Commonly available as a white powder or granules, it reacts with water and carbon dioxide, making it useful for various domestic and small-scale industrial tasks. In households, hydrated lime is often employed for gardening, sanitation, and minor construction projects. Its ability to neutralize acidity and control pests makes it a practical choice for homeowners and small businesses alike. Despite its usefulness, proper handling is essential due to its caustic nature.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Hydrated lime is characterized by its high alkalinity (pH ~12.4) and low solubility in water. It forms a milky solution when mixed with water, known as limewater, which is used in various applications. The compound decomposes at 580°C, releasing water and reverting to quicklime. Its chemical reactivity includes neutralizing acids and absorbing carbon dioxide from the air, a process known as carbonation. This property is exploited in construction, where it hardens over time. The density of hydrated lime is approximately 2.211 g/cm³, and it should be stored in airtight containers to prevent moisture absorption and clumping.
Main Applications
In households, hydrated lime is primarily used for soil treatment in gardens to raise pH levels and improve plant growth. It also serves as a natural pest deterrent, particularly against slugs and certain insects. In sanitation, it is applied to compost piles and outhouses to reduce odors and pathogens. Construction-wise, it is used in small-scale projects like plastering and whitewashing. Its antimicrobial properties make it suitable for disinfecting surfaces and water treatment in emergencies. Additionally, it is used in traditional food preparation, such as nixtamalization of corn in some cultures.
Safety and Storage
Hydrated lime is caustic and can cause skin irritation, respiratory issues, and eye damage if mishandled. Always wear gloves, goggles, and a mask when working with it. Avoid inhalation of dust and ensure adequate ventilation in enclosed spaces. Storage requires a dry, cool environment in sealed containers to prevent moisture absorption and clumping. Keep away from acids and organic materials, as reactions can generate heat or hazardous gases. Label containers clearly and store out of reach of children and pets.
B2B Procurement Guide
For bulk procurement, prioritize suppliers with certifications like ISO or GMP to ensure product quality. Verify the purity (typically ≥90%) and check for contaminants. Packaging should be robust, often in 25-50 kg bags or super sacks, to prevent moisture ingress during transit. Prices vary based on quantity and region, with approximate ranges of $50-$150 per ton. Consider local suppliers to reduce logistics costs. Request material safety data sheets (MSDS) and conduct small-scale trials before large purchases to assess suitability for specific applications.
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