Overview
High-density graphite blocks are engineered carbon materials produced through isostatic pressing and high-temperature graphitization. They exhibit superior structural homogeneity compared to conventional graphite, making them indispensable in precision industries. These blocks are classified by density (commonly 1.7–1.9 g/cm³) and grain size (fine: <10µm, coarse: >50µm). Industrial grades typically have ash content below 300ppm, with ultra-pure variants (<5ppm) used in semiconductor applications.
Physical and Chemical Properties
The material's exceptional thermal conductivity (70–120 W/m·K) surpasses many metals, while its coefficient of thermal expansion (4–6×10⁻⁶/K) ensures dimensional stability. Electrical resistivity ranges from 8–15 µΩ·m. Chemically inert, it withstands temperatures up to 3000°C in inert atmospheres. Oxidation resistance diminishes above 400°C in air, requiring protective coatings for high-temperature applications. Mechanical strength varies with density, with typical flexural strength of 20–40 MPa.
Main Applications
In metal processing, these blocks serve as continuous casting dies and glass mold components due to non-wetting properties. The semiconductor industry uses them for wafer boat fixtures and CVD chambers. EDM electrodes account for 40% of consumption, where graphite's machinability allows complex geometries. Emerging applications include fuel cell bipolar plates and nuclear reactor moderators, leveraging its neutron absorption cross-section.
Safety and Storage
Graphite dust poses inhalation risks; machining requires local exhaust ventilation and NIOSH-approved respirators. NFPA rates it as slight fire hazard (dust ignition temperature >600°C). Store in sealed containers to prevent moisture absorption (max. 0.5% wt). Bulk storage should avoid stacking heights exceeding 1.5m to prevent edge chipping. Incompatible with strong oxidizers like perchlorates.
B2B Procurement Guide
Key specifications include: bulk density (±0.05 g/cm³ tolerance), particle orientation (isotropic vs. anisotropic), and thermal conductivity at 25°C. For EDM grades, request electrode wear ratio data. Lead times for custom sizes average 8–12 weeks. Consider MOQs: standard blocks often require 100kg minimum. Quality certifications to verify: ISO 9001 for manufacturing, RoHS compliance for electronics applications.
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