Overview
Palmitic acid (hexadecanoic acid) is a saturated long-chain fatty acid with a 16-carbon backbone. It is one of the most common fatty acids in nature, found in palm oil, animal fats, and dairy products. Industrially, it is derived from hydrolysis of triglycerides or synthesized via hydrogenation of unsaturated fats. As a versatile chemical, palmitic acid serves as a precursor for esters, soaps, and emulsifiers. Its widespread use in personal care, food, and industrial applications makes it a critical material for B2B buyers in chemical manufacturing.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Palmitic acid appears as a white, waxy solid with a faint odor. It is insoluble in water due to its hydrophobic nature but dissolves readily in organic solvents like ethanol and ether. The compound exhibits high thermal stability, with a melting point of 62.9°C and a boiling point above 350°C. Its chemical structure (CH₃(CH₂)₁₄COOH) allows it to form salts (e.g., sodium palmitate) and esters, which are pivotal in soap and cosmetic formulations. The acid is relatively inert under standard conditions but reacts with strong bases or oxidizers.
Main Applications
In the personal care industry, palmitic acid is a key ingredient in soaps, shampoos, and creams due to its emulsifying and thickening properties. It also acts as a surfactant in cosmetic formulations. The food sector uses it as a texturizer and preservative (E570). Industrially, it is employed in lubricant production, candle making, and as a plasticizer for polymers. Its derivatives, such as cetyl alcohol, are vital in pharmaceuticals and detergents.
Safety and Storage
While palmitic acid is generally low in toxicity, it can cause mild skin or eye irritation upon direct contact. Dust inhalation should be avoided. Proper PPE (gloves, goggles) is recommended during handling. Store in tightly sealed containers away from heat and oxidizing agents. Maintain storage temperatures below 30°C to prevent melting or clumping. Shelf life typically exceeds two years when stored correctly.
B2B Procurement Guide
Buyers should prioritize suppliers offering palmitic acid with ≥98% purity for industrial applications. Common packaging includes 25kg bags or 200kg drums. Certifications like ISO, Kosher, or Halal may be required for food-grade purchases. Pricing fluctuates with palm oil market trends. Bulk orders (1+ metric tons) often secure discounts. Verify supplier reliability through third-party audits and sample testing for contaminants (e.g., heavy metals).
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