Overview
Hydrochloric Acid 20% is a diluted aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl), one of the most important industrial chemicals. This concentration is widely used across multiple industries due to its balance between reactivity and safety compared to more concentrated forms. The solution is produced by absorbing hydrogen chloride gas in water or by diluting higher concentration hydrochloric acid. It plays crucial roles in metal treatment, chemical manufacturing, and water treatment processes. Its relatively lower concentration makes it safer to handle than fuming hydrochloric acid while still maintaining sufficient reactivity for many industrial applications.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Hydrochloric Acid 20% appears as a clear, colorless to slightly yellow liquid with a pungent odor. It has a density of about 1.10 g/cm³, making it slightly heavier than water. The solution is strongly acidic with a pH typically below 1. Chemically, it completely dissociates in water to form hydronium (H3O+) and chloride (Cl-) ions. This complete dissociation makes it a strong acid capable of reacting with bases, carbonates, and many metals. The solution is highly corrosive to most metals (except certain resistant alloys) and can damage skin, eyes, and respiratory tissues upon contact.
Main Applications
In metal processing, HCl 20% is extensively used for pickling steel to remove rust, scale, and other impurities from the surface. It's also employed in ore processing, particularly for extracting rare earth metals and processing titanium ores. The chemical industry utilizes this acid as a pH adjuster in various processes and as a reactant in producing inorganic and organic compounds. In water treatment, it serves to control pH levels and regenerate ion exchange resins. Other applications include food processing (as an acidity regulator), oil well acidizing, and leather processing.
Safety and Storage
Proper handling of Hydrochloric Acid 20% requires strict safety measures. Always use chemical-resistant PPE including rubber gloves, face shields, and acid-resistant clothing. Work areas should have emergency eyewash stations and safety showers. Storage must be in approved containers made of materials resistant to HCl corrosion, such as PVC or rubber-lined steel. Containers should be clearly labeled and stored separately from bases and oxidizing agents. The storage area must be well-ventilated and protected from temperature extremes. Spill containment measures should be in place according to local regulations.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring Hydrochloric Acid 20%, buyers should verify the exact concentration (typically 18-22%) and purity specifications. Industrial grade is sufficient for most applications, but certain processes may require technical or reagent grade. Consider transportation costs and regulations, as HCl solutions are classified as hazardous materials. Bulk purchases (in tanker trucks or isotanks) typically offer the best pricing for large-volume users. Evaluate supplier reliability, delivery capabilities, and compliance with environmental regulations. Many regions require special permits for storage and use of hydrochloric acid above certain quantities.
Related Manufacturers
- 主营：气体传感器
- 主营：lt3024ife、max791ese、max660epa、max251esd、lt3748ims、max232ese、lt1128cs8、ad623armz、ad8551arz、max232cse、lt3090idd、lt1965idd、聚合物、lt1191cs8、ltm2881hy、ad607arsz、lt3080edd、ad8033arz、ltm4623iv、lt3021es8、ad7741brz、lt5538idd、max440cpi、adg452brz、ad8429arz