Overview
Gallnut extract is derived from the galls of Rhus chinensis, a plant commonly found in East Asia. These galls form due to insect activity and are rich in tannins, particularly tannic acid and gallic acid. The extract has been used for centuries in traditional medicine and industrial applications due to its strong astringent and antioxidant properties. In modern industries, gallnut extract is valued for its versatility. It serves as a natural alternative to synthetic tannins in leather tanning, a preservative in food, and a key ingredient in pharmaceuticals. Its ability to bind proteins and metals makes it useful in dyeing and ink production.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Gallnut extract is typically available as a dark brown liquid or powder. It has a high tannin content, ranging from 50% to 70%, which gives it its characteristic astringency. The extract is soluble in water and alcohol but insoluble in most organic solvents. Chemically, the primary components are tannic acid and gallic acid, which contribute to its antioxidant and antibacterial effects. The extract is stable under normal storage conditions but may degrade when exposed to excessive heat or light. Its density is approximately 1.2 g/cm³ in liquid form, and it decomposes before reaching a melting point.
Main Applications
The pharmaceutical industry uses gallnut extract for its astringent and anti-inflammatory properties. It is found in treatments for diarrhea, hemorrhoids, and skin conditions. In the food industry, it acts as a natural preservative and flavor enhancer, particularly in wines and juices. Leather tanning relies on gallnut extract for its ability to bind collagen fibers, producing durable and flexible leather. The dyeing industry values it for its ability to fix colors to fabrics. Additionally, it is used in ink production, where its tannins improve adhesion and longevity.
Safety and Storage
Gallnut extract is generally safe but can cause skin and eye irritation upon direct contact. Workers handling the extract should wear gloves and protective eyewear. Inhalation of dust should be avoided, and adequate ventilation is recommended in processing areas. Storage requires a cool, dry environment away from direct sunlight and moisture. The extract should be kept in tightly sealed containers to prevent oxidation and degradation. Shelf life is typically 1-2 years when stored properly.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring gallnut extract, prioritize suppliers who provide detailed specifications, including tannin content and purity levels. Organic certification may be necessary for certain applications, such as food or pharmaceuticals. Bulk buyers should request samples to test compatibility with their processes. Pricing varies based on purity and supplier reputation. For reference, prices range from $20 to $50 per kilogram. Long-term contracts can secure better rates, especially for large-volume purchases. Ensure suppliers adhere to quality control standards and provide reliable documentation.
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