Fluorescent Peptide Substrate
Overview
Fluorescent Peptide Substrates are synthetic peptides conjugated with fluorophores and quenchers, designed to measure protease activity. Upon enzymatic cleavage, the fluorophore emits detectable light, enabling quantitative analysis. These substrates are critical tools in biochemical research, particularly for studying enzyme mechanisms, inhibitor screening, and diagnostic applications. Their high specificity and sensitivity make them superior to colorimetric assays.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Most Fluorescent Peptide Substrates are water-soluble and supplied as lyophilized powders or pre-dissolved solutions. Their molecular weight and solubility depend on the peptide sequence and conjugated fluorophore (e.g., FAM, TAMRA). The fluorescence properties (excitation/emission wavelengths) are determined by the fluorophore. Common pairs include EDANS/DABCYL or FITC/QXL™, offering high signal-to-noise ratios upon cleavage.
Main Applications
1. Drug Discovery: Used in high-throughput screening of protease inhibitors. 2. Clinical Diagnostics: Detect disease biomarkers (e.g., thrombin for coagulation disorders). 3. Proteomics Research: Study enzyme kinetics and substrate specificity. In pharmaceutical labs, these substrates help evaluate drug candidates' efficacy by measuring IC50 values. Custom sequences can be designed to target specific proteases like caspases or MMPs.
Safety and Storage
Store lyophilized substrates at -20°C in airtight containers with desiccants. Reconstituted solutions are typically stable for weeks at 4°C if protected from light. While generally non-hazardous, wear PPE when handling powders to prevent irritation. Dispose of waste according to local regulations for organic compounds.
B2B Procurement Guide
Key specifications to confirm: 1) Peptide sequence (ensure compatibility with target enzyme), 2) Fluorophore/quencher pair (match to available detectors), 3) Purity (≥95% for reliable results). Bulk orders (gram-scale) may qualify for discounts. Reputable suppliers provide HPLC and MS certificates. Lead times vary: 2-4 weeks for custom sequences, 1 week for catalog products.
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