Overview
Ferric citrate, also known as iron(III) citrate, is an iron-based compound widely used in pharmaceuticals and industrial applications. It serves as a source of iron in dietary supplements and is employed in water treatment for phosphate removal. The compound is derived from the reaction of citric acid with iron salts, resulting in a water-soluble form of iron. Ferric citrate is recognized for its bioavailability and chelating properties, making it suitable for medical and environmental applications. Its stability and solubility profile allow for versatile use in formulations requiring controlled iron release.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Ferric citrate appears as a brownish-red powder or granular solid. It is soluble in water, forming a reddish-brown solution, and slightly soluble in alcohol. The compound decomposes upon heating before reaching a melting point, releasing carbon dioxide and leaving iron oxide residues. Its molecular weight is approximately 244.95 g/mol, and it acts as a chelating agent due to the citrate ligand's ability to bind iron ions. This property is crucial for its role in pharmaceuticals and water treatment, where controlled iron release is necessary.
Main Applications
In pharmaceuticals, ferric citrate is used to treat iron-deficiency anemia and as a phosphate binder for patients with chronic kidney disease. It is favored for its minimal gastrointestinal side effects compared to other iron supplements. Industrially, ferric citrate is applied in water treatment to remove phosphates, preventing algal blooms in wastewater systems. It is also used as a food additive (E381) for iron fortification and in laboratory settings as a reagent.
Safety and Storage
Ferric citrate should be handled with care to avoid inhalation or skin contact. Personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and masks is recommended during handling. The compound is stable under normal conditions but should be stored in a cool, dry place in airtight containers to prevent moisture absorption. In case of accidental exposure, rinse affected areas with water and seek medical advice. Proper disposal methods should be followed to avoid environmental contamination.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring ferric citrate, buyers should verify the CAS number (2338-05-8) and purity specifications, which typically range from 98% to 99.5%. Supplier certifications, such as ISO or GMP, are critical for pharmaceutical-grade purchases. Prices vary based on quantity and purity, with bulk orders often discounted. Buyers should also consider logistics, as the compound is sensitive to moisture and requires appropriate packaging for transportation.
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