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Ferredoxin

Updated: 2026-07-15

Overview

Ferredoxin is a small iron-sulfur protein that serves as an electron carrier in various biological processes. It is found in plants, bacteria, and archaea, where it plays a vital role in photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation, and other metabolic pathways. Ferredoxins are classified based on their iron-sulfur clusters, such as [2Fe-2S] or [4Fe-4S]. These clusters enable the protein to undergo reversible oxidation and reduction, making it essential for electron transfer reactions.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Ferredoxin is characterized by its iron-sulfur clusters, which give it a distinctive brownish-red color. The protein is highly soluble in aqueous solutions and exhibits stability under anaerobic conditions. Its redox potential varies depending on the type of iron-sulfur cluster and the protein environment. Ferredoxins are sensitive to oxygen and light, which can degrade the iron-sulfur clusters and reduce their activity.

Main Applications

Ferredoxin is widely used in biochemical research to study electron transfer mechanisms. It is also employed in pharmaceutical research for drug development and metabolic studies. In industrial applications, ferredoxin is used as a catalyst in bioenergy production and synthetic biology. Its ability to facilitate electron transfer makes it valuable in bioelectrochemical systems and renewable energy technologies.

Safety and Storage

Ferredoxin should be handled with care to avoid exposure to oxygen and light, which can degrade its activity. Proper storage at -20°C in airtight containers is essential to maintain its stability. When working with ferredoxin, use protective equipment such as gloves and goggles. Avoid inhalation or direct contact with skin and eyes, as it may cause irritation.

B2B Procurement Guide

When procuring ferredoxin, verify the purity and source of the protein. Reputable suppliers should provide detailed technical data, including molecular weight, iron-sulfur cluster type, and activity assays. Consider the intended application when selecting ferredoxin, as different types (e.g., [2Fe-2S] or [4Fe-4S]) may be required. Ensure the supplier offers proper storage and shipping conditions to maintain protein integrity.

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