Overview
Ethylene dioxide, also known as 1,2-dioxane, is a cyclic ether with the molecular formula C2H4O2. It is a colorless, volatile liquid with a mild ether-like odor. The compound is primarily used as a solvent and as an intermediate in the synthesis of various chemicals, including pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Due to its high reactivity and flammability, ethylene dioxide requires careful handling and storage. It is miscible with water and most organic solvents, making it versatile for industrial applications. However, its use is regulated in some regions due to potential health and environmental risks.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Ethylene dioxide has a molecular weight of 60.05 g/mol and a density of 1.06 g/cm³. It melts at 11.8°C and boils at 101°C, making it a relatively volatile compound. The liquid is highly flammable and should be stored away from heat sources and open flames. The compound is miscible with water and most organic solvents, which enhances its utility as a solvent in various industrial processes. Its reactivity makes it a valuable intermediate in chemical synthesis, though this same property necessitates strict safety measures during handling and storage.
Main Applications
Ethylene dioxide is widely used as a solvent in the chemical industry, particularly in the production of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Its ability to dissolve a wide range of substances makes it a preferred choice for many formulations. In addition to its role as a solvent, ethylene dioxide serves as an intermediate in the synthesis of other chemicals. For example, it is used in the production of ethylene glycol derivatives, which are key components in antifreeze and polyester resins. Its applications are, however, limited by regulatory restrictions in some regions due to its potential toxicity.
Safety and Storage
Ethylene dioxide is highly flammable and poses significant health risks if inhaled or absorbed through the skin. Proper personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves and goggles, must be worn when handling the compound. Adequate ventilation is essential to prevent the accumulation of vapors. Storage conditions should include a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from heat sources and open flames. Containers must be tightly sealed to prevent leakage and evaporation. Emergency measures, such as spill containment and fire extinguishing equipment, should be readily available in areas where ethylene dioxide is stored or used.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring ethylene dioxide, B2B buyers should prioritize suppliers who comply with international safety and quality standards. Verification of the CAS number (123-91-1) is crucial to ensure the authenticity of the product. Buyers should also request material safety data sheets (MSDS) to understand the handling and storage requirements. Price ranges for ethylene dioxide typically fall between $50 and $100 per liter, depending on purity and supplier. Bulk purchases may offer cost savings, but buyers should ensure they have the necessary infrastructure for safe storage and handling. It is advisable to establish long-term relationships with reputable suppliers to ensure consistent quality and reliability.
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