Overview
Diethyl diethylmalonate (DEM) is a diester of malonic acid, commonly used as a versatile intermediate in organic synthesis. Its high reactivity makes it valuable for constructing complex molecules, particularly in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. The compound is synthesized via esterification of malonic acid with ethanol. Its stability under normal conditions and compatibility with various reagents contribute to its widespread use in industrial and laboratory settings.
Physical and Chemical Properties
DEM is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a characteristic ester-like odor. It has a density of 1.055 g/cm³ and boils at 199-200°C. The compound is soluble in most organic solvents but only slightly soluble in water. Its chemical reactivity is dominated by the active methylene group, which participates in condensation reactions such as the Knoevenagel and Michael additions. These properties make DEM a key building block for synthesizing barbiturates, vitamins, and other specialty chemicals.
Main Applications
DEM is primarily used as an intermediate in the pharmaceutical industry for producing barbiturates, sedatives, and vitamin B1. It also serves as a precursor for agrochemicals like pesticides and herbicides. In specialty chemicals, DEM is employed in synthesizing dyes, fragrances, and polymers. Its ability to form carbon-carbon bonds efficiently makes it indispensable in fine chemical manufacturing.
Safety and Storage
DEM is classified as an irritant, causing skin and eye irritation upon contact. Proper personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves and goggles, is essential when handling the compound. Storage should be in tightly sealed containers, away from heat sources and oxidizing agents. The compound is flammable, requiring precautions to prevent fire hazards in industrial settings.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring DEM, verify the CAS number (105-53-3) and purity specifications, typically 98% or higher for industrial use. Bulk quantities (drums or totes) are commonly available, with prices varying based on market demand. Suppliers should provide Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) and certificates of analysis. Consider logistical factors like shipping conditions and lead times, especially for international procurement.
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