Overview
Deoxycholate Agar is a microbiological growth medium developed for the selective cultivation of enteric pathogens. First introduced in the early 20th century, it remains a standard tool in diagnostic laboratories worldwide. The medium combines nutritional components with selective agents that suppress unwanted flora while promoting target organism growth. Its formulation typically includes peptones as nutrient sources, lactose as a fermentable carbohydrate, and sodium deoxycholate as the primary selective agent. Neutral red pH indicator allows visual differentiation of lactose-fermenting colonies. The medium is particularly valuable for clinical specimens where mixed flora are present.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Deoxycholate Agar presents as a free-flowing powder that forms a clear to slightly opalescent solution when dissolved in boiling water. Upon cooling to 45-50°C, the solution gels to form a solid medium with a final pH of approximately 7.3±0.2. The active ingredient, sodium deoxycholate (typically 0.5-1.0% concentration), disrupts cell membranes of Gram-positive bacteria while being tolerated by many Gram-negative species. The medium's differential capability comes from lactose fermentation, which produces acid and causes colonies to turn pink/red due to the neutral red indicator. Non-fermenters remain colorless or take on the medium's natural beige appearance.
Main Applications
In clinical microbiology, Deoxycholate Agar serves as a primary isolation medium for stool specimens, helping identify Salmonella and Shigella species among intestinal flora. Its selectivity makes it particularly useful when these pathogens are present in low numbers relative to commensal bacteria. The food industry employs this medium for detecting enteric pathogens in products and processing environments. Environmental monitoring programs use it to assess sanitation effectiveness in healthcare and food production facilities. Some modified versions include additional selective agents for enhanced specificity in particular applications.
Safety and Storage
While generally safe, the powder form may generate dust that can irritate respiratory membranes. Appropriate personal protective equipment (gloves, mask) is recommended when handling the dry powder. Prepared media should be sterilized by autoclaving before disposal. Proper storage is critical for maintaining medium performance. The powder should be kept in original airtight containers at 2-8°C, protected from light and moisture. Under these conditions, most commercial preparations remain stable for 3-5 years. Prepared plates have shorter shelf lives (typically 2-4 weeks at 2-8°C) and should be protected from dehydration.
B2B Procurement Guide
When sourcing Deoxycholate Agar, verify the supplier's quality certifications (ISO 13485 for medical devices or ISO 9001 for general quality systems). Request certificates of analysis showing performance testing against reference strains like Salmonella Typhimurium and Escherichia coli. Consider ordering pre-poured plates for high-throughput labs to save preparation time, though bulk powder offers better cost efficiency for larger operations. For international shipments, confirm that the product meets destination country regulations (such as FDA 21 CFR for the US market). Some manufacturers offer customized formulations with additional selective agents for specific applications.
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