Overview
D-Arabitol is a five-carbon sugar alcohol naturally found in certain fruits, mushrooms, and fermented foods. It is industrially produced via hydrogenation of arabinose or microbial fermentation. As a functional sweetener, it provides about 60% of the sweetness of sucrose but with fewer calories, making it suitable for diabetic and low-carb diets. Its non-cariogenic properties and humectant effects further drive demand in oral care products and cosmetics. In pharmaceuticals, it serves as an excipient and stabilizer due to its chemical inertness and compatibility with active ingredients.
Physical and Chemical Properties
D-Arabitol crystallizes as a white, odorless powder with a melting point of 103-105°C. It is highly soluble in water (620 g/L at 20°C) and slightly soluble in ethanol. The compound is hygroscopic, absorbing moisture from the air, which necessitates airtight storage. Chemically, it is stable under normal conditions but may undergo decomposition at high temperatures (>150°C). Its optical rotation ([α]D20) is +13.5° (c=10, H2O), a key identifier for quality control. Unlike some polyols, it does not participate in Maillard reactions, ensuring stability in heat-processed foods.
Main Applications
In the food industry, D-Arabitol is used as a bulk sweetener in sugar-free candies, chewing gum, and baked goods. Its low glycemic index (GI=0) aligns with health-focused formulations. The cosmetic industry leverages its humectant properties in moisturizers and lip balms. Pharmaceutical applications include tablet coatings and syrups, where it improves texture and shelf life. Research also explores its role as a chiral building block for drug synthesis. Emerging uses include microbial culture media and diagnostic reagents due to its metabolic inertness in humans.
Safety and Storage
D-Arabitol is classified as GRAS by the FDA and EFSA, with an ADI (acceptable daily intake) of 'not specified.' Overconsumption (>50g/day) may cause bloating or diarrhea, typical of polyols. Workplace handling requires standard PPE (gloves, goggles) to avoid dust inhalation. Storage recommendations include moisture-proof containers at room temperature (15-25°C). Bulk quantities should be palletized in a ventilated warehouse. Suppliers often provide laminated aluminum bags with nitrogen flushing to extend shelf life beyond 24 months.
B2B Procurement Guide
Bulk buyers should prioritize suppliers with ISO 9001 or FSSC 22000 certifications to ensure consistent quality. Key specifications to verify include purity (HPLC ≥98%), residual solvents (<0.1%), and heavy metals (Pb <1ppm). Pricing tiers depend on volume: 1-10kg orders average $40/kg, while 100kg+ shipments may drop to $25/kg. Spot contracts are common, but long-term agreements (6-12 months) secure better rates. Logistics options include 25kg fiber drums or 500kg supersacks, with sea freight being cost-effective for international orders.
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