Overview
Sodium sulfate (Na₂SO₄) is a white crystalline inorganic compound with significant industrial applications. It occurs naturally as the mineral thenardite and is also produced synthetically. Known for its hygroscopic properties, it is widely used in detergents, glass manufacturing, and textile processing. The compound is chemically inert and non-toxic, making it a versatile raw material in various industries. Its affordability and availability further enhance its appeal for large-scale industrial use.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Sodium sulfate is characterized by its high solubility in water and insolubility in ethanol. It has a melting point of 884°C and a density of 2.664 g/cm³. The compound is stable under normal conditions but can absorb moisture from the air, forming hydrates. Its neutral pH and non-reactive nature make it suitable for use in sensitive applications, such as pharmaceuticals and food processing. The anhydrous form is preferred for industrial use due to its consistent performance.
Main Applications
Sodium sulfate is a key ingredient in powdered detergents, where it acts as a filler and processing aid. In the glass industry, it is used to remove air bubbles and improve clarity. The textile industry employs it as a leveling agent in dyeing processes. Additionally, it serves as a raw material in chemical synthesis, particularly in the production of sodium sulfide and other sulfur-containing compounds. Its use in paper manufacturing and pharmaceuticals is also noteworthy.
Safety and Storage
While sodium sulfate is generally safe, prolonged exposure to dust can cause respiratory irritation. Proper storage in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area is essential to prevent clumping and degradation. Workers handling the compound should use protective gloves and goggles to minimize direct contact. Spills should be cleaned promptly to avoid slipping hazards. The compound is not classified as hazardous under most regulatory standards.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring sodium sulfate, prioritize suppliers with certifications such as ISO 9001 to ensure quality. Key specifications to verify include purity (>99%) and moisture content (<0.2%). Bulk purchases typically offer cost advantages, with prices ranging approximately $100-$300 per metric ton. Consider logistical factors, such as storage and transportation, to optimize procurement efficiency. Reliable suppliers often provide technical support for application-specific needs.
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