Cyclohexene
Overview
Cyclohexene is a cyclic hydrocarbon with one double bond, classified as an alkene. It is a versatile intermediate in organic chemistry, primarily produced through the partial hydrogenation of benzene or dehydration of cyclohexanol. Its reactivity stems from the double bond, making it valuable for synthesis of adipic acid, caprolactam, and other industrial chemicals. The compound is commonly supplied in anhydrous form to prevent unwanted reactions. Industrial-grade cyclohexene typically has a purity of ≥99%, while laboratory grades may exceed 99.5%. Proper handling requires understanding its flammability and potential for exothermic reactions with strong oxidizers.
Physical and Chemical Properties
As a volatile liquid, cyclohexene has a characteristic sweet odor detectable at low concentrations. Its viscosity is similar to light mineral oil, and it evaporates quickly at room temperature. The double bond undergoes typical alkene reactions including hydrogenation (to cyclohexane), halogenation, and hydrohalogenation. Notable chemical behavior includes its role in Diels-Alder reactions and susceptibility to polymerization when exposed to acids or free radicals. The refractive index (1.4465 at 20°C) and vapor pressure (57 mmHg at 20°C) are important parameters for industrial process design.
Main Applications
In the polymer industry, cyclohexene serves as a precursor for nylon intermediates through oxidation to adipic acid or conversion to cyclohexanol/cyclohexanone. Pharmaceutical manufacturers use it to synthesize various drug intermediates, particularly in steroid chemistry. The compound also finds use in specialty chemical production, including plasticizers, surfactants, and rubber chemicals. Recent research explores its potential in green chemistry applications, such as solvent systems for environmentally friendly extraction processes.
Safety and Storage
Cyclohexene requires careful handling due to its flammability (flash point -12°C) and moderate toxicity. Storage tanks should be grounded and bonded to prevent static discharge, with nitrogen blanketing recommended for large quantities. Compatible materials include stainless steel, polyethylene, and glass. Personal protective equipment should include chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, and vapor respirators when handling in enclosed spaces. Spill containment measures should use inert absorbents rather than water, as cyclohexene floats and can spread fire.
B2B Procurement Guide
Industrial buyers should specify technical parameters including purity, water content, and inhibitor presence when ordering cyclohexene. Common packaging includes 200kg steel drums, isotanks for bulk shipments, or custom containers for pharmaceutical-grade material. Quality documentation should include certificates of analysis, safety data sheets, and transportation classification. Lead times vary from 1-4 weeks depending on quantity and geographic location. Some suppliers offer just-in-time delivery programs for regular customers.
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