Overview
Cy7.5-labeled transferrin combines the iron-transport protein transferrin with the near-infrared fluorescent dye Cyanine 7.5 (Cy7.5). This conjugate enables real-time tracking of transferrin receptor-mediated endocytosis in living systems due to Cy7.5's excellent tissue penetration and low autofluorescence. The labeling process typically uses NHS ester chemistry to attach Cy7.5 to lysine residues while preserving transferrin's iron-binding sites. In B2B contexts, this reagent is primarily supplied to pharmaceutical companies and research institutions for preclinical studies. Major manufacturers include specialty biochemical suppliers who provide custom conjugation services with varying dye-to-protein ratios to meet specific experimental requirements.
Physical and Chemical Properties
The conjugate maintains transferrin's native molecular weight (~80 kDa) with additional mass from the Cy7.5 dye (typically 1-2 molecules per protein). The fluorescent properties include excitation at ~750 nm and emission at ~780 nm, making it ideal for in vivo imaging. The isoelectric point remains similar to unlabeled transferrin (pI ~5.5-6.0). Stability varies by formulation – lyophilized powders may retain activity for years at -20°C, while reconstituted solutions typically last 1-2 weeks when refrigerated and protected from light. The dye-protein linkage is stable across physiological pH ranges (6.0-8.0) but may degrade under prolonged exposure to strong light or repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Main Applications
In cancer research, Cy7.5-transferrin helps visualize tumor targeting due to upregulated transferrin receptors in many malignancies. Studies utilize it for pharmacokinetic analysis, with imaging possible for 24-72 hours post-administration depending on dosage and model system. The conjugate also serves in blood-brain barrier studies, as transferrin receptors mediate transcytosis across endothelial cells. Industrial applications include quality control for transferrin-based drug delivery systems, where fluorescence provides quantitative uptake metrics during formulation development. Some diagnostic developers employ it as a reference standard for receptor quantification assays.
Safety and Storage
While generally non-hazardous, proper handling requires gloves and eye protection to prevent potential allergic reactions to protein components. Spills should be cleaned with dilute detergent solutions followed by ethanol disinfection. Waste disposal follows institutional guidelines for protein-organic dye hybrids. For long-term storage, lyophilized material should be kept at -20°C in desiccated, light-proof containers. Reconstituted aliquots are best stored in single-use volumes to minimize freeze-thaw damage. Suppliers often provide stability data specific to their conjugation process – typical shelf life ranges from 6 months (solutions) to 2 years (lyophilized).
B2B Procurement Guide
When sourcing Cy7.5-transferrin, verify the supplier's quality control data including: HPLC purity (>95%), endotoxin levels (<1 EU/mg), iron saturation status (usually apo-form), and functional validation (e.g., receptor binding assays). Custom conjugations may specify dye-to-protein ratios – 1.5:1 often balances brightness with minimal protein function interference. Bulk purchases (10+ mg) typically offer 15-30% cost savings. Some suppliers provide GMP-grade material for therapeutic development at 3-5x standard research-grade pricing. Lead times vary from 2 weeks (stock items) to 6 weeks (custom conjugations). Consider requesting sample aliquots for pilot studies before large orders.
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