Overview
Copper(II) oxide nanopowder (CuO) is a versatile inorganic material with a monoclinic crystal structure. Its nanoscale particles (typically 20-100 nm) exhibit enhanced surface area and quantum effects compared to bulk CuO, making it valuable for advanced industrial applications. The compound is synthesized via methods like precipitation, sol-gel, or thermal decomposition, with strict control over particle size and morphology. Its affordability and non-toxicity (relative to other metal oxides) contribute to its widespread adoption in research and manufacturing sectors.
Physical and Chemical Properties
CuO nanopowder displays unique thermochemical properties due to its nanoscale dimensions. It has a bandgap of 1.2-1.5 eV, enabling use in photovoltaic devices. The material is antiferromagnetic below 230K and exhibits p-type semiconductor behavior. Its high surface-to-volume ratio enhances reactivity, particularly in catalytic processes. Unlike bulk CuO, the nanopowder may show altered melting points and solubility due to surface energy effects. X-ray diffraction (XRD) typically confirms its monoclinic tenorite phase structure.
Main Applications
In catalysis, CuO nanoparticles serve in methanol synthesis, CO oxidation, and NOx reduction. The electronics industry utilizes them in printable conductive inks and thin-film transistors for flexible electronics. Energy storage applications include anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, where the nanoscale improves charge/discharge cycles. Antimicrobial coatings for medical devices and textiles leverage CuO's biocidal properties. Emerging uses span solar cells, supercapacitors, and as a precursor for high-temperature superconductors.
Safety and Storage
While CuO isn’t classified as acutely toxic, inhalation of nanoparticles requires precautions. Use NIOSH-approved N95 respirators and ensure local exhaust ventilation during handling. Store in sealed containers with desiccants to prevent moisture absorption. Spills should be collected using HEPA-filter vacuums, not dry sweeping. Disposal follows local regulations for metal oxides. MSDS sheets typically list LD50 >5,000 mg/kg (oral, rat), indicating low systemic toxicity but potential lung irritation from prolonged dust exposure.
B2B Procurement Guide
Industrial buyers should prioritize suppliers with ISO 9001 certification for nanomaterials. Key specifications include: purity (99% vs. 99.9%), particle size distribution (D50 value), BET surface area (>20 m²/g for catalytic grades), and absence of heavy metal impurities. Bulk orders (100+ kg) often qualify for 10-15% discounts. Request certificates of analysis (CoA) with batch-specific XRD and TEM data. For battery applications, verify electrochemical performance data. Consider suppliers offering surface modification (e.g., silane-treated for polymer composites).
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