Overview
Graphite scrap is a recycled form of synthetic or natural graphite, primarily generated as processing waste during electrode manufacturing or machining operations. Unlike virgin graphite, it offers significant cost advantages while retaining 70-90% of the original material's conductivity. Classified as secondary graphite, its irregular particle morphology distinguishes it from milled graphite powders. The material is increasingly valued in circular economy models, particularly in regions with strict industrial waste regulations.
Physical and Chemical Properties
The electrical resistivity of graphite scrap typically ranges between 1000-1500 μΩ·m, making it suitable for moderate-conductivity applications. Its thermal conductivity (25-150 W/m·K) varies with particle orientation and compaction density. Chemically, it exhibits remarkable stability up to 500°C in oxidizing environments and 3000°C in inert atmospheres. The material's layered structure provides natural lubricity (coefficient of friction 0.1-0.3), though this property diminishes with decreasing particle size.
Main Applications
In metallurgy, graphite scrap serves as carbon raiser in steel production (0.5-2% addition rates) and as mold coatings in foundries. The battery industry utilizes it in lead-acid battery anodes and as conductive additive in lithium-ion cathodes. Refractory manufacturers blend it with magnesia for improved thermal shock resistance in furnace linings. Emerging applications include 3D printing filaments (5-20% loading) and graphene oxide production through chemical exfoliation methods.
Safety and Storage
Graphite scrap presents moderate dust explosion risks (Kst 30-60 bar·m/s) requiring ATEX-compliant handling in powder form. NFPA ratings include Health 1, Flammability 1, Reactivity 0. Storage recommendations include using sealed bulk bags with moisture barriers (max 50% RH) and separation from strong oxidizers like chlorates. Spills should be cleaned with HEPA-filtered vacuums rather than brooms to minimize airborne particulates.
B2B Procurement Guide
Key specifications to request include: fixed carbon content (typically 85-98%), volatile matter (<2%), and sulfur content (<0.5% for battery applications). Particle size distribution should match end-use requirements - coarse flakes (1-5mm) for foundries versus fine powder (<100μm) for composites. Bulk purchasing (20+ ton lots) can reduce costs by 15-30%. Quality certifications to verify include ISO 9001 for processing facilities and RoHS compliance for electronics applications.
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