cis-Chlordane

Updated: 2026-08-30

Overview

Chlordane is an organochlorine compound that was widely used as an agricultural pesticide and termiticide from the 1940s through the 1980s. As a technical mixture containing about 60% cis-chlordane and 40% trans-chlordane, it belongs to the cyclodiene group of chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides. Due to its persistence in the environment and bioaccumulative properties, chlordane has been banned in most countries under the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants. It remains one of the most studied organochlorine pesticides regarding environmental impact and human health effects.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Chlordane appears as a colorless to amber viscous liquid with a mild, chlorine-like odor. It is highly stable and resistant to degradation in the environment, with a half-life in soil ranging from 4 to 30 years depending on conditions. The compound has low water solubility but is readily soluble in fats and most organic solvents. Its vapor pressure is relatively low (1 mmHg at 25°C), contributing to its persistence. When heated to decomposition, chlordane emits toxic fumes including hydrogen chloride and phosgene.

Main Applications

Historically, chlordane was primarily used for termite control through soil treatment, with applications in building foundations and agricultural settings. It was also employed as a broad-spectrum insecticide for crops like corn and citrus fruits. In the United States, most uses were banned in 1978 except for termite control, which continued until 1988. Today, its use is prohibited in over 160 countries that are parties to the Stockholm Convention, though illegal use and environmental residues remain concerns in some regions.

Safety and Storage

Chlordane is classified as a probable human carcinogen by the EPA and IARC. Exposure can occur through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact, potentially affecting the nervous system, liver, and immune system. Proper storage of existing stocks (where permitted) requires secure containers in cool, dry areas with secondary containment. Firefighters should use self-contained breathing apparatus when dealing with chlordane fires due to toxic decomposition products. Personal protective equipment including chemical-resistant gloves and goggles is essential for handling.

B2B Procurement Guide

Given its international ban, legal procurement of chlordane is extremely limited. Businesses requiring pest control solutions should consider modern alternatives such as pyrethroids, neonicotinoids, or biological control agents. For research or disposal purposes, procurement must comply with strict regulatory requirements including proper licensing. Suppliers must provide complete safety data sheets and disposal instructions. Buyers should verify the legal status in both exporting and importing countries before considering any transactions.