Overview
Cinobufagin is a steroidal cardiac glycoside extracted from the venom of the Chinese toad (Bufo gargarizans). It is widely used in laboratory settings for its bioactive properties, particularly in cancer research and traditional medicine. The compound exhibits cytotoxic effects, making it valuable for studying apoptosis and cell proliferation mechanisms. In traditional Chinese medicine, cinobufagin has been employed for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. However, its primary use today is in scientific research, where high-purity grades are essential for reproducible results. Its molecular structure includes a steroidal backbone with hydroxyl and lactone groups, contributing to its biological activity.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Cinobufagin is a white to off-white crystalline powder with a molecular weight of 442.55 g/mol. It has a melting point of approximately 220-225°C and is soluble in organic solvents like ethanol, methanol, and DMSO, though it has limited solubility in water. These properties make it suitable for use in various laboratory protocols, including cell culture studies and biochemical assays. The compound is sensitive to light and moisture, requiring storage in cool, dry conditions to maintain stability. Its cytotoxic nature necessitates careful handling, with PPE and fume hoods recommended during use. Analytical techniques such as HPLC and LC-MS are commonly used to verify its purity, which typically exceeds 98% for research-grade material.
Main Applications
Cinobufagin is primarily used in cancer research due to its ability to induce apoptosis in tumor cells. Studies have explored its potential as an anti-cancer agent, particularly in leukemia and hepatocellular carcinoma models. Its mechanism of action involves inhibiting Na+/K+-ATPase, leading to intracellular ion imbalances and cell death. Beyond oncology, the compound is utilized in traditional medicine for its anti-inflammatory and cardiotonic effects. In laboratory settings, it serves as a reference standard for biochemical assays and toxicity studies. Its versatility makes it a valuable tool for researchers investigating cell signaling pathways and drug development.
Safety and Storage
Cinobufagin is classified as toxic and must be handled with caution. Exposure routes include ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact, all of which can lead to adverse health effects. Proper PPE, such as gloves, lab coats, and safety goggles, is essential when working with this compound. A fume hood should be used to minimize inhalation risks. Storage conditions are critical to maintaining the compound's stability. It should be kept in a tightly sealed container at 2-8°C, protected from light and moisture. Disposal must comply with local regulations for hazardous waste, ensuring minimal environmental impact.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring cinobufagin for laboratory use, buyers should prioritize suppliers who provide detailed Certificates of Analysis (COA) to verify purity and composition. Reputable suppliers often offer HPLC or LC-MS data to confirm the compound's quality. Pricing varies based on purity, with research-grade material typically ranging from $200 to $500 per gram. Bulk purchases may qualify for discounts, but buyers should ensure proper storage facilities are available to prevent degradation. It is also advisable to check supplier compliance with international safety standards, such as ISO certification. Lead times can vary, so planning ahead is recommended to avoid disruptions in research activities.
Related Manufacturers
- 主营：中药标准品、标准品对照品、天然化合物、细胞实验、动物实验、科研实验用、标准品、分析试剂、中药提取物、单体化合物
- 主营：酒渣碱、异常山乙素、芦丁标准品、去乙酰华蟾毒精、对照品标准品
- 主营：对照品、标准品、三叶苷、实验室自制、姜烯酚、人参皂苷、地黄苷、科研试剂、高纯度植物单体、生育三烯酚
- 主营：对照品、标准品、三叶苷、实验室自制、姜烯酚、人参皂苷、地黄苷、科研试剂、生育三烯酚
- 主营：对照品、试剂盒、多糖、科研实验、安石榴苷、儿茶素、绿原酸、尿石素、人参皂苷、花青素、维生素、异鼠李素、甘草系列、人参系列、补骨脂系列、雷公藤系列、黄芩系列、柴胡系列、丹参系列、酸枣仁系列、重楼系列、大黄系列、五味子系列、化合物、黄芪皂苷系列
- 主营：对照品、标准品、当归酸酐、氧代华蟾毒精、佛手柑内酯、新当归内酯、补骨脂甲素、补骨脂乙素、羟基芍药苷、阿魏酸松柏酯、水合氧化前胡素、豆甾醇葡萄糖苷
- 主营：标准品、细辛脂素、百两金素、延胡索乙素、桃叶珊瑚苷、脱氢紫堇碱
- 主营：去乙酰华蟾毒精、白僵菌素、薯蓣皂苷
- 主营：中药对照品、药物杂质标准品、中药农产空白基质、氧代华蟾毒精、分析标准品、药典标准溶液、标准物质、标准品、对照品