Overview
Chromium hydroxide is an inorganic compound primarily used in industrial applications due to its amphoteric nature and stability. It serves as a precursor for chromium oxide and other chromium compounds. The compound is typically synthesized by precipitating chromium salts with alkali solutions, resulting in a green or bluish-green powder. In B2B contexts, chromium hydroxide is traded in bulk quantities, with purity levels ranging from 90% for industrial uses to 98%+ for specialized chemical synthesis. Its versatility makes it a staple in sectors like ceramics, pigments, and environmental engineering.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Chromium hydroxide exhibits low solubility in water but dissolves readily in acidic or alkaline solutions, reflecting its amphoteric behavior. It decomposes upon heating, releasing water and forming chromium(III) oxide (Cr₂O₃). The compound’s density ranges between 2.9–3.0 g/cm³, and it appears as a fine powder or gelatinous mass depending on synthesis conditions. Key chemical properties include its role as a reducing agent and its ability to form complexes with organic ligands. These traits are leveraged in catalysis and wastewater treatment, where it helps remove heavy metals via precipitation.
Main Applications
The largest use of chromium hydroxide is in the production of green pigments for ceramics, paints, and plastics. Its thermal decomposition yields chromium oxide, a critical component in refractory materials and metallurgy. Additionally, it serves as a catalyst support in chemical reactions, particularly in hydrogenation processes. Environmental applications include heavy metal removal from industrial wastewater. Chromium hydroxide’s amphoteric nature allows it to neutralize acidic effluents while precipitating contaminants like lead and cadmium. In niche sectors, it is used to synthesize chromium-based dyes and corrosion inhibitors.
Safety and Storage
While chromium hydroxide is not classified as highly hazardous, prolonged exposure to dust may cause respiratory or skin irritation. PPE such as gloves and masks is recommended during handling. Storage requires dry, well-ventilated areas away from strong acids or oxidizers to prevent reactive decomposition. Spills should be contained with inert absorbents and disposed of as non-hazardous waste in compliance with local regulations. Industrial users must monitor workplace air concentrations to ensure they remain below occupational exposure limits (OELs) for chromium compounds.
B2B Procurement Guide
Buyers should prioritize suppliers offering certificates of analysis (CoA) to verify purity, which typically ranges from 90–99%. Industrial-grade material (90–95%) suits pigment and ceramic production, while reagent-grade (≥98%) is essential for chemical synthesis. Bulk purchases (ton-scale) often reduce costs by 10–20%. Logistics considerations include moisture-proof packaging for powder forms and compliance with transport regulations for chromium compounds. Sample testing is advised to confirm consistency in particle size and reactivity, especially for catalytic applications.
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