Overview
Cholesterol esterase is a hydrolase enzyme that specifically cleaves the ester bond in cholesterol esters, releasing free cholesterol and fatty acids. It is naturally produced in the pancreas and plays a vital role in intestinal absorption of dietary cholesterol. This enzyme is commercially available from microbial (bacterial/fungal) or pancreatic sources. Microbial-derived cholesterol esterase is preferred for industrial applications due to higher stability and lower production costs. The enzyme's activity is typically measured in international units (U), with one unit defined as the amount that hydrolyzes 1 μmol of substrate per minute under standard conditions.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Cholesterol esterase appears as a white lyophilized powder when purified. Its molecular weight ranges between 50-70 kDa depending on the source, with microbial versions generally being smaller than pancreatic enzymes. The enzyme shows optimal activity at neutral to slightly alkaline pH (7.0-8.0) and at temperatures around 37°C. Activity is significantly reduced below pH 5.0 or above 50°C. It requires calcium ions as cofactors for full activity and is inhibited by heavy metals and certain organophosphates. The enzyme remains stable for years when stored at -20°C in dry conditions.
Main Applications
In clinical diagnostics, cholesterol esterase is essential for enzymatic cholesterol assays used in lipid profile tests. It helps measure total cholesterol by converting esters to free cholesterol for detection. The pharmaceutical industry uses this enzyme in drug formulations that enhance fat absorption and in research on atherosclerosis. In food processing, it improves texture in cheese production by modifying milk fat. Emerging applications include biofuel production where it helps process lipid feedstocks more efficiently.
Safety and Storage
While not classified as hazardous, cholesterol esterase powder may cause mild irritation to eyes, skin or respiratory system. Use gloves and eye protection when handling. Avoid creating dust clouds. For long-term storage, keep lyophilized powder at -20°C in tightly sealed containers with desiccant. Reconstituted solutions should be aliquoted and frozen at -80°C, avoiding repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Activity typically remains stable for 6-12 months under proper storage conditions. Discard if contamination is visible or activity drops below specification.
B2B Procurement Guide
When sourcing cholesterol esterase, first determine required activity (U/mg) and purity level. Clinical-grade enzymes need higher purity (≥90%) than industrial applications. Microbial sources offer better batch-to-batch consistency for manufacturing. Request certificates of analysis for each batch, verifying activity, protein content and absence of contaminating enzymes. Consider suppliers that provide technical support for application optimization. Bulk purchases (100g+) typically offer 15-30% cost savings. Lead times vary from 2-8 weeks depending on customization needs and supplier inventory.
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