Overview
2-Chloropropane, commonly known as isopropyl chloride, is an organochlorine compound with the chemical formula C3H7Cl. It is a colorless, volatile liquid with a chloroform-like odor, primarily used in industrial and laboratory settings. The compound is synthesized through the chlorination of propane or isopropanol, making it a versatile intermediate in organic chemistry. Due to its volatility and flammability, 2-chloropropane requires careful handling and storage. It is often employed in the production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other specialty chemicals. Its solvent properties also make it useful in various industrial processes, though its use is limited by safety considerations.
Physical and Chemical Properties
2-Chloropropane is characterized by its low boiling point (35.7°C) and high volatility, which make it a useful solvent for non-polar compounds. Its density is 0.86 g/cm³ at 20°C, and it is slightly soluble in water but miscible with most organic solvents like ethanol and ether. The compound is highly flammable and reacts vigorously with strong oxidizing agents, posing a fire hazard. It also decomposes under high temperatures, releasing toxic gases such as hydrogen chloride. These properties necessitate strict safety measures during storage and handling, including the use of explosion-proof equipment and proper ventilation.
Main Applications
2-Chloropropane serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of various organic compounds, including pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Its reactivity with nucleophiles makes it valuable for alkylation reactions, where it introduces an isopropyl group into target molecules. In industrial settings, it is used as a solvent for resins, oils, and waxes, though its flammability limits its widespread use. Additionally, it has historical applications as a refrigerant, though safer alternatives have largely replaced it in this role. Despite its niche applications, 2-chloropropane remains an important reagent in specialized chemical processes.
Safety and Storage
Due to its flammability and volatility, 2-chloropropane must be stored in tightly sealed containers in a cool, well-ventilated area away from heat sources and open flames. Exposure to the compound can cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract, and prolonged inhalation may lead to dizziness or central nervous system depression. Personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves and goggles, should be worn when handling the chemical. In case of spills, absorbent materials like sand or vermiculite should be used to contain the liquid, and the area should be ventilated thoroughly. Emergency procedures should include measures to prevent ignition and ensure proper disposal of contaminated materials.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring 2-chloropropane, buyers should verify the CAS number (75-29-6) to ensure the correct specification. Suppliers should provide material safety data sheets (MSDS) and certify compliance with regional safety regulations. Bulk purchases may offer cost advantages, but storage and handling capabilities must be assessed to mitigate risks. Quality control is critical, as impurities can affect the compound's reactivity and safety. Buyers should also consider logistical factors, such as transportation regulations for flammable liquids, and opt for suppliers with a proven track record in chemical distribution. Pricing varies based on purity and quantity, with typical ranges between $5 and $10 per kilogram.
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