Cellobiose[2]

Updated: 2026-09-30

Overview

Cellobiose is a disaccharide derived from the hydrolysis of cellulose, consisting of two glucose units connected by a β(1→4) glycosidic bond. It plays a crucial role in the structural integrity of plant cell walls and is a key intermediate in cellulose degradation. Due to its unique biochemical properties, cellobiose is extensively studied in enzymology and carbohydrate chemistry. In industrial contexts, cellobiose is often used as a substrate for β-glucosidase enzymes and serves as a model compound in cellulose research. Its applications span across food science, pharmaceuticals, and biofuels, where it acts as a precursor for various biochemical processes.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Cellobiose appears as a white crystalline powder with a melting point of 225-227°C, though it tends to decompose at higher temperatures. It is soluble in water due to its hydrophilic nature but has limited solubility in organic solvents like ethanol. The compound is a non-reducing sugar, meaning it does not react with Benedict's or Fehling's reagents. Its stability under normal storage conditions makes it suitable for long-term use in laboratories. However, exposure to high humidity or extreme pH levels can lead to hydrolysis or degradation, affecting its efficacy in sensitive applications. The β(1→4) linkage is resistant to acid hydrolysis but can be cleaved by specific enzymes like β-glucosidase.

Main Applications

Cellobiose is primarily used in biochemical research to study enzyme kinetics, particularly those involving cellulose degradation. It serves as a substrate for β-glucosidase, an enzyme critical in biofuel production from lignocellulosic biomass. In the food industry, cellobiose is explored as a low-calorie sweetener or prebiotic due to its slow digestion properties. The pharmaceutical sector utilizes cellobiose as an intermediate in drug synthesis and as a stabilizer in formulations. Its role in cellulose hydrolysis also makes it valuable in textile and paper manufacturing, where enzymatic processes are increasingly adopted for sustainable production.

Safety and Storage

Cellobiose is generally considered safe with low toxicity, posing minimal risks under standard handling conditions. However, inhalation of fine powder or prolonged skin contact should be avoided to prevent irritation. Proper personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves and goggles, is recommended during handling. For storage, cellobiose should be kept in a tightly sealed container in a cool, dry environment, away from moisture and direct sunlight. Long-term stability is ensured when stored at room temperature, though refrigeration may extend shelf life for highly sensitive applications.

B2B Procurement Guide

When procuring cellobiose, prioritize suppliers with certifications like USP, EP, or FCC, depending on the intended use (e.g., pharmaceutical or food-grade). High-purity grades (≥98%) are essential for research applications, while technical grades may suffice for industrial processes. Bulk purchases often attract discounts, especially for quantities above 10 kg. Compare prices from multiple suppliers, considering factors like purity, packaging, and delivery terms. For international procurement, verify compliance with regional regulations (e.g., FDA, REACH) to avoid delays in customs clearance.