Cefalotin Sodium
Overview
Cefalotin Sodium is a semi-synthetic, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic derived from cephalosporin C. It was among the earliest cephalosporins developed and remains clinically significant for its activity against Gram-positive bacteria, including penicillinase-producing strains of Staphylococcus aureus. The compound works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis through binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). Its sodium salt form enhances water solubility, making it suitable for intravenous or intramuscular administration in hospital settings.
Physical and Chemical Properties
As a white crystalline powder, Cefalotin Sodium exhibits stability in dry form but is hygroscopic. The solution is light-sensitive and should be protected from prolonged exposure. Its molecular structure contains a beta-lactam ring essential for antibacterial activity, with a thiophene side chain contributing to its spectrum. Notably, the drug shows pH-dependent stability, with optimal stability in neutral to slightly acidic conditions. Degradation occurs rapidly in strongly alkaline solutions. The freeze-dried form is commonly used in pharmaceutical preparations to extend shelf life.
Main Applications
Cefalotin Sodium is primarily used in hospital medicine for treating serious infections caused by susceptible organisms. Its main indications include pneumonia, septicemia, and surgical prophylaxis. The antibiotic is particularly valuable in settings where methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) is a concern. In veterinary medicine, it finds application for similar indications in companion animals. Industrial use includes reference standard preparation for quality control in pharmaceutical manufacturing. The compound's role has diminished somewhat with newer cephalosporins but remains important in specific therapeutic scenarios.
Safety and Storage
As a beta-lactam antibiotic, Cefalotin Sodium carries risk of hypersensitivity reactions, especially in individuals with penicillin allergy. Proper handling requires gloves and eye protection to prevent occupational exposure. Spills should be cleaned with appropriate disinfectants. Long-term storage requires refrigeration (2-8°C) in original containers with desiccants. Reconstituted solutions are typically stable for 24 hours at room temperature or 96 hours refrigerated, though exact stability depends on concentration and diluent used. Always follow manufacturer recommendations for specific preparations.
B2B Procurement Guide
Pharmaceutical manufacturers and distributors should prioritize suppliers who provide batch-specific certificates of analysis demonstrating compliance with USP/EP monographs. Key specifications to verify include potency (typically 900-1050 μg/mg), water content, and sterility for injectable forms. Bulk procurement contracts often include stability data and regulatory support documentation. Consider supplier audits for GMP compliance if the material will be used in drug production. Spot purchases for research use may accept lower documentation levels but still require purity verification. Lead times for specialty quantities can range 4-8 weeks.
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