Calcium Fluoride
Overview
Calcium Fluoride (CaF₂) is a naturally occurring mineral known as fluorite or fluorspar. It is prized for its high thermal stability and optical properties, making it indispensable in industrial and scientific applications. Primarily sourced from mineral deposits, synthetic CaF₂ is also produced for specialized uses. Its cubic crystal structure and UV transparency distinguish it from other halides.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Calcium Fluoride exhibits exceptional thermal resistance, with a melting point of 1,418°C and boiling point of 2,533°C. Its insolubility in water contrasts with solubility in acids, a property leveraged in metallurgical processes. The compound's low refractive index and UV transparency make it ideal for lenses and windows in spectroscopy. Its hardness (4 on Mohs scale) and density (3.18 g/cm³) contribute to durability in abrasive applications.
Main Applications
In metallurgy, CaF₂ serves as a flux to lower melting points and remove impurities during steel production. Over 60% of global consumption supports this sector. Optics industries utilize synthetic crystals for lenses, prisms, and UV equipment due to minimal light dispersion. Emerging applications include fluoride-ion batteries and semiconductor manufacturing.
Safety and Storage
While non-toxic, CaF₂ powder requires dust control measures to prevent respiratory irritation. NFPA ratings classify it as health hazard 1 (slight). Store in moisture-resistant containers away from strong acids. Bulk storage silos should incorporate inert gas blanketing for high-purity grades to prevent contamination.
B2B Procurement Guide
Industrial buyers should specify technical grade (97-99% purity) or optical grade (99.99%+). Metallurgical applications typically require lump form (10-100mm), while chemical processes need powder (200-400 mesh). Verify ISO 9001 or equivalent certifications from suppliers. Containerized shipments (25kg bags or 1-ton big bags) are standard for international trade. Sample testing for SiO₂ and CaCO₃ impurities is recommended.
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