Overview
Cadmium particles are finely divided metallic cadmium, typically produced through atomization or electrolysis processes. They are valued for their unique combination of physical and chemical properties, including corrosion resistance and electrical conductivity. As a heavy metal, cadmium requires careful handling due to its toxicity, but its industrial applications remain significant. In B2B markets, cadmium particles are commonly supplied in various particle sizes (from nanometers to micrometers) and purity grades. The material is often used as a precursor for other cadmium compounds or as an additive in specialized alloys and coatings.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Cadmium particles exhibit a characteristic silver-gray appearance and maintain stability in dry air. Their high density (8.65 g/cm³) makes them suitable for applications requiring mass in small volumes. The particles demonstrate excellent resistance to alkaline solutions but are readily attacked by mineral acids. A notable property is cadmium's low thermal neutron absorption cross-section, which makes it valuable in nuclear reactor control rods. The material's electrical conductivity (approximately 13.2 × 10⁶ S/m) contributes to its use in certain battery systems and electrical contacts.
Main Applications
The primary use of cadmium particles is in nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) battery production, where they serve as the active cathode material. These rechargeable batteries are valued for their long cycle life and performance in extreme temperatures. Other significant applications include corrosion-resistant coatings for marine and aerospace components, where cadmium is electroplated onto steel parts. In pigments, cadmium particles form the basis of durable reds and yellows for plastics and ceramics. The nuclear industry utilizes cadmium for neutron-absorbing control rods and shielding applications.
Safety and Storage
Cadmium particles pose severe health risks, particularly through inhalation of dust or fumes. Chronic exposure can lead to kidney damage, bone demineralization, and respiratory issues. Facilities handling cadmium must implement engineering controls (local exhaust ventilation) and require workers to use NIOSH-approved respirators. Storage should be in tightly sealed containers marked with appropriate hazard warnings. The material is incompatible with strong oxidizers and acids. Spills should be addressed immediately using HEPA-filter vacuum systems, never dry sweeping. Regulatory compliance with OSHA 1910.1027 and other regional standards is mandatory.
B2B Procurement Guide
When sourcing cadmium particles, prioritize suppliers with certified quality management systems (ISO 9001) and material safety documentation. Key specifications to verify include purity (typically 99.9%-99.99%), particle size distribution (D50 value), and oxygen content for sensitive applications. Due to environmental regulations, many buyers are transitioning to cadmium alternatives where possible. However, for essential applications, ensure suppliers provide full traceability and SDS documentation. Consider minimum order quantities (often 25kg drums) and lead times, as cadmium is increasingly subject to supply chain controls under REACH and similar frameworks.
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