Overview
Blasticidin S, commonly known as 灭瘟素 in Chinese, is a potent antibiotic and fungicide derived from Streptomyces griseochromogenes. It is primarily used in agriculture to combat rice blast disease, a major threat to rice crops worldwide. The compound was first isolated in the 1950s and has since become a critical tool in integrated pest management strategies. Blasticidin S works by inhibiting protein synthesis in fungal cells, effectively preventing the spread of rice blast. Its selective toxicity makes it particularly useful for targeting the pathogen without harming the rice plants. The chemical is typically applied as a foliar spray or seed treatment, depending on the specific agricultural needs.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Blasticidin S is a white to pale yellow crystalline powder with a molecular weight of 422.44 g/mol. It is soluble in water and methanol, making it easy to formulate into liquid or powder-based agricultural products. The compound decomposes at temperatures around 235-240°C, which is an important consideration for storage and handling. The molecular formula of Blasticidin S is C17H26N8O5, and it is classified as a nucleoside antibiotic. Its stability under normal storage conditions is good, but it should be protected from excessive heat and moisture to maintain efficacy. The solubility profile allows for versatile application methods, including foliar sprays and soil drenches.
Main Applications
The primary application of Blasticidin S is in the control of rice blast disease caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. This disease can cause significant yield losses in rice crops, making effective fungicides like Blasticidin S essential for farmers. The compound is often used in combination with other fungicides to prevent resistance development. Beyond rice blast, Blasticidin S has shown efficacy against other fungal pathogens in laboratory settings. However, its use is predominantly focused on rice agriculture due to its specific mode of action and regulatory approvals. In some regions, it is also used as a selective agent in genetic engineering applications to screen for resistant cells.
Safety and Storage
Blasticidin S is classified as harmful if swallowed and can cause skin and eye irritation. Proper personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves, goggles, and masks, should be worn during handling. In case of exposure, immediate washing with plenty of water is recommended, and medical advice should be sought if symptoms persist. Storage conditions for Blasticidin S should be cool and dry, away from direct sunlight and moisture. The compound should be kept in its original packaging or a tightly sealed container to prevent degradation. It is also advisable to store it separately from food and feed to avoid contamination.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring Blasticidin S, B2B buyers should verify the CAS number (2079-00-7) and purity specifications to ensure product quality. It is essential to source from reputable suppliers who comply with local agricultural regulations and provide detailed safety data sheets (SDS). Buyers should also consider the formulation type (e.g., powder or liquid) based on their application needs. Bulk purchases may offer cost advantages, but storage capacity and shelf life should be evaluated. Additionally, buyers should check for any import/export restrictions or licensing requirements in their region.
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