Overview
Asphalt felt, also known as bituminous felt, is a traditional waterproofing material made by saturating a felt base with asphalt. It has been widely used in construction for over a century due to its excellent waterproofing properties and affordability. The material is typically supplied in rolls, making it easy to transport and install on roofs, foundations, and other structures requiring moisture protection. Modern asphalt felts may incorporate fiberglass or polyester reinforcements to enhance tensile strength and durability. While newer membrane systems have emerged, asphalt felt remains popular for its proven performance and cost-effectiveness in many applications.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Asphalt felt exhibits several key physical properties that make it suitable for waterproofing applications. The material is highly impermeable to water while remaining breathable enough to allow moisture vapor transmission. It maintains flexibility across a wide temperature range (-20°C to 80°C), enabling it to accommodate structural movement without cracking. Chemically, the asphalt coating provides excellent resistance to weathering, UV radiation (when properly surfaced), and biological degradation. The felt substrate, traditionally made from organic fibers but now often synthetic, provides dimensional stability and mechanical strength. The material typically has a service life of 10-20 years depending on environmental conditions and installation quality.
Main Applications
The primary use of asphalt felt is in roofing systems, where it serves as an underlayment beneath shingles or other roof coverings. It provides a secondary waterproofing barrier and helps prevent wind-driven rain from penetrating the roof assembly. In low-slope roofs, multiple layers of asphalt felt may be used with hot asphalt to create a built-up roofing system. Other common applications include foundation waterproofing, where it protects below-grade walls from groundwater infiltration, and as a vapor barrier in floor constructions. The material is also used for wrapping pipes, creating damp-proof courses in masonry walls, and as temporary protection during construction. Specialized grades are available for different exposure conditions and performance requirements.
Safety and Storage
When handling asphalt felt, workers should wear appropriate personal protective equipment including gloves and long sleeves to minimize skin contact with the asphalt coating. During installation involving heat (such as torch application), proper ventilation is essential to prevent inhalation of asphalt fumes, which may contain volatile organic compounds. For storage, rolls should be kept upright in a dry, covered area protected from direct sunlight and extreme temperatures. Stacking height should be limited to prevent deformation of the rolls. Material stored for extended periods should be inspected for surface oxidation or brittleness before use. Fire safety precautions are important as the material is combustible.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring asphalt felt in bulk for commercial projects, buyers should specify key performance characteristics including weight (typically 15-30 lbs per square), asphalt saturation level, and type of reinforcement (if any). For roofing applications, UV resistance and granule surfacing may be important considerations. Quality certifications such as ASTM D226 (for asphalt-saturated felt) or equivalent local standards should be verified. Lead times can vary seasonally, so advance planning is recommended during peak construction periods. Many manufacturers offer custom widths and lengths to minimize waste on large projects. Consider environmental factors when selecting between traditional and modified asphalt products.
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