Overview
Apramycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic derived from Streptomyces tenebrarius. It is primarily used in veterinary medicine due to its efficacy against Gram-negative bacteria like Escherichia coli and Salmonella. Unlike other aminoglycosides, apramycin exhibits low cross-resistance, making it valuable in livestock management. First introduced in the 1980s, it is approved for use in poultry, swine, and cattle in many countries. Its stability in feed and water allows for convenient administration, though regulatory restrictions apply in some regions to prevent antibiotic overuse.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Apramycin is a white crystalline powder with high solubility in water (up to 50 mg/mL) and slight solubility in organic solvents like methanol. It is heat-stable, retaining efficacy even when mixed with feed during pelleting processes. The molecular structure includes multiple amino and hydroxyl groups, contributing to its hydrophilic nature. It degrades at temperatures above 200°C and should be protected from prolonged exposure to light to maintain potency.
Main Applications
In veterinary practice, apramycin is used to treat enteric infections caused by Gram-negative pathogens in poultry (e.g., broilers) and swine. It is often administered via medicated feed or drinking water at doses of 100–200 mg/kg of feed. Its broad-spectrum activity also makes it a candidate for research into antibiotic resistance mechanisms. However, human use is limited due to potential nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity, common to aminoglycosides.
Safety and Storage
Apramycin should be handled with gloves and masks to avoid skin contact or inhalation. Proper storage conditions include airtight containers in a dry environment below 25°C. Residue limits in animal products are strictly regulated. Withdrawal periods (e.g., 7 days for poultry) must be observed before slaughter to ensure food safety. Disposal should comply with local environmental guidelines to prevent water contamination.
B2B Procurement Guide
Buyers should prioritize suppliers with GMP certification and batch-specific COAs (Certificates of Analysis) confirming purity (≥90%). Bulk purchases (25 kg drums) typically offer cost savings, but verify shelf life (usually 2–3 years). China and India are major producers, but ensure compliance with import regulations (e.g., FDA or EMA approvals for veterinary use). Spot prices fluctuate with raw material costs; long-term contracts may stabilize pricing.
Related Manufacturers
- 主营：肠炎康、球虫酯、林沙星、硫酸安普霉素、碘解磷、蛋黄粉、牛磺酸、溶菌酶、布他磷、单宁酸、氯解磷、托曲珠、碳酸钙、维生素k、维生素a、维生素b、维生素d3、癸甲溴铵、阿维菌素、核苷多糖、地美硝唑、异丙肌苷、工业盐粉、修复蛋白、氟甲喹粉、青霉素钾
- 主营：己二酸二酰肼、2-甲基四氢噻吩-3-酮、3-甲基-2-丁硫醇、丙酸氯倍原料、亚乙基硫脲、2-辛二醇、三氟甲基磺酸铋、醋酸钯
- 主营：三氯苯哒唑、碘醚柳胺、五氯柳胺、硫酸安普霉素、扑尔敏、布帕伐醌、氟康唑、糠酸
- 主营：固含量检测仪、水分测定仪、卡尔费休微量水分测定仪、农兽药试剂盒、胶体金检测卡
- 主营：苄基丙酮
- 主营：阻聚剂、辛二醇、四甲基、催化剂、十油酸酯、有机合成、硅化合物、光引发剂、十二酸己酯、月桂酸己酯、生物缓冲剂、表面活性剂、硫代卡巴肼、3-二羟基萘、氨基甲酰甲基
- 主营：硫酸安普霉素分析纯、分析纯试剂
- 主营：Elisa试剂盒、胶体金检测卡、荧光定量检测、兽药残留试剂盒、兽药残留检测卡、真菌毒素试剂盒、黄曲霉B1、农药残留试剂盒、农药残留检测卡、化妆品检测胶体金、保健品检测卡、理化类食品安全快检试剂、瘦肉精三联卡、谷物饲料荧光定量检测、粮油面粉荧光定量检测、微生物检测、沙门氏菌检测
- 主营：杀菌剂、220140-29-4、氯化偏苯三酸酐、葫芦[5]脲、印染助剂、葫芦[8]脲、二苯基甘脲、葫芦脲水合物、草酰氯单甲酯、生物医药葫芦脲、四甲氧甲基甘脲、均苯四甲酸
- 主营：1689-89-0、酒石酸、61438-64-0、硫酸安普霉素41194、81810-66-4、17316-67-5、31430-15-6、68786-66-3、42461-84-7、115550-35-1、217500-96-4、101831-37-2、129496-10-2、沃尼妙林、丹诺沙星、非泼罗尼、加米霉素、能霉素钠、达氟沙星、奥苯达唑、粘杆菌素、双氢链霉素、酸泰妙菌素、盐酸四咪唑、盐酸沙拉沙星
- 主营：化学试剂、分析试剂、标准试剂、实验试剂
- 主营：麝香酮、硫酸化蓖麻油钠盐、对甲苯磺酸正丁酯、盐酸安普霉素、间苯二甲酸
- 主营：分析标准品、质控样品、试液、缓冲液、指示液、滴定液、标准溶液、标准物质、标准样品
- 主营：歧化酶、试剂盒、联蛋白、抑制物、孕激素、质激素、解氨酶、链抗原、防御素、亲环素、基丁酸、干扰素、同工酶、前列腺素、抑制因子、嗜环蛋白、释放激素、过氧化酶、调节激酶、炎性蛋白、隐热蛋白、趋化因子、胰蛋白酶、沙门氏菌、生长因子
- 主营：双草酸酯、二茂铁甲醛