Overview
Allylestrenol is a synthetic progestogen derived from pregnane, primarily used in hormone therapy and gynecological treatments. It mimics the effects of natural progesterone, making it effective in managing conditions like threatened miscarriage and hormonal imbalances. Developed in the mid-20th century, it remains a staple in reproductive medicine due to its oral bioavailability and predictable pharmacokinetics. Unlike natural progesterone, allylestrenol is resistant to metabolic breakdown in the liver, allowing for lower dosages. It is often prescribed in tablet form and is classified as a pregnancy category D drug in some regions, indicating potential risks that must be weighed against benefits.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Allylestrenol is a white crystalline powder with a molecular weight of 300.48 g/mol. It melts at approximately 160–165°C and is soluble in organic solvents like ethanol but insoluble in water. These properties make it suitable for formulation into tablets or capsules for oral administration. The compound’s stability under normal storage conditions (cool, dry environments) ensures a long shelf life. Its synthetic structure includes an allyl group at the 17α position, which enhances its progestogenic activity while reducing androgenic effects, a key advantage over earlier progestogens.
Main Applications
Allylestrenol is primarily used in obstetrics and gynecology to prevent miscarriage in women with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss. It supports endometrial development and reduces uterine contractions, creating a favorable environment for pregnancy. Off-label uses include managing menstrual disorders and endometriosis. In hormone replacement therapy (HRT), it complements estrogen to prevent endometrial hyperplasia. Its progestogenic effects are also leveraged in veterinary medicine for livestock breeding programs. Despite newer alternatives, allylestrenol’s cost-effectiveness and established safety profile sustain its demand.
Safety and Storage
Allylestrenol should be stored in airtight containers away from light and moisture to prevent degradation. Exposure to high temperatures or humidity may reduce potency. Pharmacists and manufacturers must adhere to Good Storage Practices (GSP) to maintain quality. Safety precautions include monitoring liver function in long-term users, as the compound is metabolized hepatically. Common side effects are mild (e.g., nausea, breast tenderness), but severe allergic reactions require discontinuation. It is contraindicated in patients with hormone-sensitive cancers or undiagnosed vaginal bleeding.
B2B Procurement Guide
Bulk procurement of allylestrenol requires verification of the supplier’s Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) certification and batch-specific Certificates of Analysis (CoA). Key parameters to assess include purity (typically ≥98%) and residual solvent levels. Pharmaceutical-grade material commands higher prices but ensures regulatory compliance. Global suppliers are concentrated in Europe and Asia, with prices ranging from $50–$200 per gram. Long-term contracts may offer cost savings. Importers should confirm customs regulations, as some jurisdictions classify allylestrenol as a controlled substance requiring special permits.