Overview
Alkynol compounds are hybrid molecules combining an alkyne group (C≡C) with a hydroxyl (-OH) functionality. Their dual reactivity makes them valuable intermediates in organic synthesis. Industrial production typically involves catalytic hydration of alkynes or reduction of alkynoic acids. These compounds bridge the gap between alcohols and alkynes, offering unique stereoelectronic properties. Their synthesis often requires controlled conditions due to the competing reactivity of both functional groups, with propargyl alcohol being the simplest and most commercially significant example.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Alkynols exhibit polarity from the hydroxyl group while maintaining the characteristic linear geometry of alkynes. The OH group enables hydrogen bonding, affecting boiling points (typically 20–50°C higher than analogous hydrocarbons). Their acidity (pKa ~25) allows deprotonation for nucleophilic reactions. The triple bond participates in Sonogashira couplings and cycloadditions, while the hydroxyl group undergoes esterification or etherification. UV-Vis spectra often show weak n→π* transitions near 270 nm. Stability varies: terminal alkynols may polymerize unless inhibited (e.g., with 0.1% hydroquinone).
Main Applications
In pharmaceuticals, alkynols serve as building blocks for antiviral drugs (e.g., acyclovir analogs) and hormone derivatives. Their click chemistry compatibility enables bioconjugation in drug delivery systems. Polymer industries use them as crosslinkers (e.g., in polyurethane foams) or chain transfer agents. Specialty applications include electroplating additives (brighteners) and corrosion inhibitors. Recent research explores their use in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and as ligands in asymmetric catalysis. The global market is projected to grow at 6.2% CAGR (2023–2030), driven by biotech demand.
Safety and Storage
Classified as Category 3 flammable liquids (flash points 60–93°C), alkynols require explosion-proof storage. Decomposition may release toxic fumes (CO, acrolein). Skin contact causes irritation; eye exposure warrants immediate flushing. OSHA PEL typically 5–10 ppm for volatile derivatives. Store under nitrogen in amber glass or PTFE-lined containers. Stabilizers like BHT (0.01–0.1%) prevent polymerization. For transport, UN numbers vary by compound (e.g., UN1987 for propargyl alcohol). Spills should be absorbed with inert material (vermiculite) and disposed as hazardous waste.
B2B Procurement Guide
Technical specifications should detail: 1) Isomer purity (terminal vs. internal alkynes), 2) Water content (<0.5% for sensitive reactions), 3) Heavy metal residues (<10 ppm for pharma use). Batch certificates with HPLC traces are essential. Suppliers often provide custom synthesis (5kg+ MOQ). Leading manufacturers include TCI Chemicals, Sigma-Aldrich, and regional specialists like Jiangsu Dynamic Chemical. Spot prices fluctuate with acetylene feedstock costs. Consider Incoterms for hazardous goods – CFR/CIF preferred for international shipments requiring DG certification.
Related Manufacturers
- 主营：全氟三丁胺、二苄叉山梨醇、六氟丙烯二聚体、二异戊基硫醚、六氟环氧丙烷二聚体、异丙醇铝、纳米勃姆石、隐色结晶紫、邻菲罗啉
- 主营：异辛醇、乳化剂、乙烯醚、基羟乙基、烷基糖苷、特辛基酚、丙烯酰胺基、甲酯乙氧基、癸基葡糖苷、醚羧酸、脂肪醇、分散剂、染色助剂、聚乙二醇、异构醇醚、泊洛沙姆、椰油酰胺、聚氧乙烯、嵌段聚醚、单油酸酯、异构十三醇、丙烯磺酸钠、氢化蓖麻油、醇醚葡糖苷、低泡渗透剂
- 主营：甘氨酸、甘氨酰、阻燃剂、乙氧基、化合物、氟苯基、甲醇钠、蒽甲酯、十八酸、溴壬烷、肉桂醇、葱油醇、肉桂醛、异丁酯、赖氨酸、叔丁醇、多佐胺、醛试剂、醇酯-12、脯氨酸、牛胆粉、癸酸酯、敏材料、氨酰胺、扁油酸
- 主营：炔二醇聚醚、表面活性剂、水性涂料润滑剂、炔二醇乙氧基化物、非硅无泡润湿剂
- 主营：乙酸镁、阻燃剂、热熔胶、羟乙基、聚合物、锂电池、光电极、泡泡糖、氯丁胶、碳酸镉、新癸酸、补差价、稀释剂、氧化铝、氧化铜、甲酸钾、c/c材料、碳酸锰、玻璃粉、硬光油、防腐剂、氧化铋、防水剂、聚丙烯、增粘树
- 主营：磷酸三钙、钡玻璃粉、锶玻璃粉、羟基磷灰石、高取代羟丙基纤维素、辛烯基琥珀酸淀粉钠、甲氧基聚乙二醇丙烯酸、生物活性玻璃、虫胶粉/精制紫胶、全氟三丁胺、卡波姆树脂、月桂酰赖氨酸、木瓜蛋白酶、低温玻璃粉、磺化栲胶、聚酰亚胺pi树脂微粉、八甘醇、异戊橡胶、杜仲胶、二水硫酸钙、壳聚糖、氢化卵磷脂、花椒麻素、维生素A棕榈酸酯、水解胶原蛋白锌
- 主营：中间体、尿囊素、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、烯丙基羟乙基醚、苄基三乙基氯化铵、椰油基三甲基氯化铵、马来酸、乙酰苯肼
- 主营：发热板、甘氨酸、阻燃剂、羟乙基、深铬黄、胶黏剂、十八酸、正癸酸、羊脂酸、锂电池、光电极、消泡剂、丙酸铵、珠光片、油墨涂、赖氨酸、消光剂、水镁石、稀释剂、酸性红、梧桐胶、黄蜂蜡、abs树脂、铝钙石、脂肪酶
- 主营：硫酸烟酰苯胺、TS-1钛硅分子筛、2-氯丙酰氯、甲基磺酸铋、异硬脂酸
- 主营：硫化剂、阻燃剂、甘氨酸、化合物、羟乙基、卡必醇、碳酸镁、芹菜酮、视黄醇、壬二炔、赖氨酸、藏花醛、甘羟铝、浮选剂、稀释剂、酸性红、芳叶油、庚二酸、庚二酮、十八烷、碳酸锌、三甲酚、甲酸钾、乙酸锌、碳酸锶
- 主营：DTT、DMAA、联枯、三羟甲基氨基甲烷、三羟甲基氨基甲烷盐酸盐、N-二乙基丙炔胺、5-二甲基海因、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、联苯二酚、DBU、对溴苯氧乙酸、6-kt、赤霉素、敌草隆、丙炔氟草胺、啶嘧磺隆、甲嘧磺隆、噻吩磺隆、三氟啶磺隆、乙酰丙酮铝、异氰尿酸三缩水甘油酯、甲哌鎓、氯酯磺草胺
- 主营：减磨剂、防锈剂、添加剂、高分子化合物、硫化烷基酚钙、润滑剂、抗腐剂、丙烯酸、抗氧剂、改进剂、清净剂、极压剂、色墨油墨、金属钝化剂、无灰分散剂、聚氨酯乳液、聚氨酯树脂、复合油墨树脂、润滑脂拉丝剂、润滑油破乳剂、膜强度增强剂、润滑油增稠剂、润滑脂增粘剂、导热油复合剂、活塞环释放剂
- 主营：凉味剂、除氧剂、防老剂、氟甲基苯、十二烷基、甲基乙二醇、氧基铝酸酯、三氟甲氧基、柔顺剂、抗氧剂、保湿剂、珠光片、丙二酸钠、丙烯酸锌、异辛酸锌、2四油酸酯、优级福美钠、农药中间体、彩色显影剂、氢化蓖麻油、高效阻聚剂、固化促进剂、优级有机硅、缓蚀阻垢剂、复合型乳液
- 主营：防老剂、共聚物、二聚体、甲氨基、三氨基、磺丙基、羟甲基、羟乙基、氯甲基、二氨基、乙交酯、聚乳酸、苯乙酮、丙烯酸、胡椒酸、防黄剂、2349-67-9、edta二钠、82692-96-4、37052-78-1、2苯并异、4-三羧酸、6-氯烟酸、l-丙交酯、l-胱氨酸
- 主营：二乙基甲酰胺、38870-89-2