Overview
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) is an organic compound that serves as the primary energy currency in all living cells. Composed of adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups, ATP stores and transfers chemical energy within cells through its high-energy phosphate bonds. The molecule plays a fundamental role in metabolism, enzyme activation, and cellular signaling processes. Its discovery in 1929 marked a milestone in biochemistry, providing insights into cellular energy mechanisms that remain crucial for modern biological research and medical applications.
Physical and Chemical Properties
ATP appears as a white crystalline powder with good water solubility but poor stability in solution. The molecule hydrolyzes readily in water, especially at extreme pH levels, releasing inorganic phosphate and energy. This inherent instability requires careful handling and storage conditions. Key structural features include the adenine nucleobase, ribose sugar moiety, and triphosphate chain. The terminal phosphate groups carry high-energy bonds (7.3 kcal/mol) that drive cellular processes when cleaved. ATP's molecular weight of 507.18 g/mol and specific optical rotation of -26° (c=1, water) serve as important quality indicators for laboratory use.
Main Applications
In research settings, ATP serves as a critical reagent for studying enzyme kinetics, particularly ATPases and kinases involved in cellular signaling pathways. The biotech industry utilizes ATP in diagnostic kits for measuring cellular viability and microbial contamination. Therapeutic applications include cardioplegia solutions for heart surgery and potential treatments for mitochondrial disorders. Emerging uses span sports nutrition supplements and biocatalytic processes in industrial biotechnology, where ATP regeneration systems enable sustainable chemical synthesis.
Safety and Storage
While ATP poses low acute toxicity, proper laboratory precautions including gloves and eye protection are recommended. The powder may cause mild irritation upon contact with skin or mucous membranes. Long-term storage requires freezing at -20°C in airtight containers with desiccant to prevent hydrolysis. Solutions should be prepared fresh daily and kept on ice during experiments. Facilities handling bulk quantities should implement cold chain management and monitor humidity levels to maintain product integrity.
B2B Procurement Guide
Bulk purchasers should specify required purity levels (typically 95-99% for research applications) and request certificates of analysis verifying HPLC purity, endotoxin levels, and biological activity. Reputable suppliers provide batch-specific stability data and proper cold shipping solutions. Consider minimum order quantities (MOQs) and lead times when sourcing specialty grades. Pricing varies significantly based on purity, with research-grade material commanding premium prices. Some manufacturers offer customized packaging or formulation services for large-scale industrial applications.
Related Manufacturers
- 主营：架桥剂、YW100 锂萃取剂、端羧基液体丁腈橡胶、苯乙烯磷酸、乙烯基磷酸二乙酯、磷酸锰铁锂、β-磷酸三钙、生物活性玻璃、10-羟基癸酸、肉豆蔻酸镁、硬脂酸钴、全氟三丁胺、十一烯酸、钨酸铝、1-乙炔基环已醇、间二异丙苯、锂硅合金、溴甲酚绿、溴代海因树脂颗粒、红铝、龙涎酮、原丁酸三甲酯
- 主营：18908-66-2、癸甲氯铵、咪唑烷酮、三磷酸腺苷、二异丁腈、饲料添加剂、分散剂工业、柠檬酸三丁酯、聚乙烯吡咯烷、二甲基溴化铵
- 主营：微生物细菌残留分析、气体检测仪、水质检测仪、环境检测类仪器设备
- 主营：花生酸、碳酸钠、丁基羟基茴香醚、单氟磷酸钠、鱼大豆酵母原料
- 主营：ELISA试剂盒、试剂盒、小鼠ELISA试剂盒、IL-6 ELISA、ELISA检测试剂盒、细胞因子检测试剂盒、胰岛素ELISA、皮质醇ELISA、尿调蛋白、肽释放酶、弹性蛋白、牛果糖胺、乳糖醛酸、胰蛋白酶、价铬离子、操作步骤、大鼠蛋白、结合蛋白、实验科研、科研ELISA试剂盒
- 主营：试剂盒、人25羟基维生素、人低氧诱导因子
- 主营：科研试剂盒、酶免试剂盒、elisa试剂盒、生物试剂、生化试剂盒、细胞、进口ELISA试剂盒、PCR试剂盒、生化测试盒
- 主营：4-D钠盐、N-甲基硫脲、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二磷酸腺苷二钠盐、单辛酸甘油酯、N-甲基邻氨基苯甲酸甲酯、三硫代碳酸钠、辛酸镁盐、菜籽油甲酯、8-辛二醇、羟丙基纤维素、硫酸烟酰苯胺、离子液体、咪唑、表面活性剂、光引发剂、紫外线吸收剂、UV单体
- 主营：6-二羟基吲哚、磷钼酸、艾拉莫德中间体、磷酸腺苷二钠盐、甲基丙二酸、光引发剂、苯芴醇、溴芬酸钠中间体、樟脑醌、钼酸钾、丝素蛋白、盐酸胍、β-丙氨酸甲酯盐酸盐、聚二羟基吲哚、7-去氢胆固醇、甘氨胆酸钠盐、半叶素、胆固醇、2-辛基十二醇、蛋白酶K、D-荧光素钾盐、光引发剂LAP、BIS-TRIS、甲基丙烯酸氧杂环丁烷
- 主营：科研试剂盒、酶免试剂盒、elisa试剂盒、生物试剂、细胞、进口ELISA试剂盒、PCR试剂盒、生化测试盒
- 主营：elisa试剂盒、检测试剂盒、PCR试剂盒
- 主营：二磷酸、膀胱癌细胞、人胚肾细胞、前列腺癌细胞
- 主营：人环磷酸腺苷、ELISA试剂盒、抗体
- 主营：试剂盒
- 主营：elisa试剂盒、生化试剂盒、抗体、细胞、pcr试剂盒