Overview
Metolachlor is a widely used chloroacetanilide herbicide developed in the 1970s. It belongs to the same chemical family as alachlor and acetochlor. As a selective pre-emergence herbicide, it controls annual grasses and certain broadleaf weeds by inhibiting their growth during germination. This herbicide is particularly valued in modern agriculture for its effectiveness against problematic weeds like barnyardgrass, foxtail, and pigweed. Its relatively low application rates (typically 1-2 kg per hectare) and broad crop compatibility have made it a staple in integrated weed management systems.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Metolachlor appears as a clear to pale yellow viscous liquid at room temperature. It has a characteristic aromatic odor and is stable under normal temperatures and pressures. The compound shows moderate persistence in soil, with a half-life ranging from 15 to 70 days depending on environmental conditions. Chemically, metolachlor is classified as a chloroacetanilide. Its molecular structure features a chiral center, leading to the existence of four stereoisomers. The S-isomer (S-metolachlor) is more biologically active and has largely replaced the racemic mixture in modern formulations.
Main Applications
The primary use of metolachlor is in agricultural weed control, particularly in corn (maize), soybean, cotton, and peanut production. It's applied pre-emergence, meaning before the crop and weeds emerge from the soil. The herbicide creates a protective barrier in the soil that prevents weed seedling development. Metolachlor is often formulated as emulsifiable concentrates or granular formulations. It's frequently used in combination with other herbicides like atrazine to broaden the spectrum of weed control. Some formulations are also approved for use in non-agricultural areas like golf courses and ornamental plantings.
Safety and Storage
Metolachlor is classified as moderately toxic (EPA Toxicity Class III). Proper personal protective equipment including gloves, goggles, and respirators should be used when handling concentrated forms. The herbicide is persistent in the environment, so precautions must be taken to prevent runoff into water bodies. Storage should be in original containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from food and feed. Containers should be tightly sealed when not in use. Spills should be contained with inert absorbent materials and disposed of according to local regulations.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring metolachlor commercially, verify the CAS number (51218-45-2) and request certificates of analysis. Technical grade material typically has 95-98% purity. Consider whether you need the racemic mixture or the more potent S-isomer formulation. Check for proper labeling that meets GHS standards and ensure the supplier provides a complete Safety Data Sheet. Bulk purchases (drum quantities or larger) generally offer better pricing. Transportation requires proper hazardous material classification (usually UN3082 for liquid formulations).
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