Overview
4-Nitrophenyl, also known as p-nitrophenyl, is an aromatic organic compound featuring a nitro group attached to the para position of a benzene ring. It is a key intermediate in the chemical industry, particularly in the synthesis of more complex molecules. The compound is characterized by its pale yellow crystalline appearance and is widely utilized due to its reactive nitro group, which facilitates further chemical transformations. Its stability and reactivity make it a valuable building block in organic synthesis.
Physical and Chemical Properties
4-Nitrophenyl exhibits a melting point of 114-116 °C and a boiling point of 279 °C. Its density is 1.33 g/cm³, and it is soluble in common organic solvents such as ethanol and ether, though only slightly soluble in water. The nitro group in 4-nitrophenyl is highly electron-withdrawing, making the compound reactive in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. This property is exploited in various industrial processes to create derivatives with specific functionalities.
Main Applications
4-Nitrophenyl is primarily used as an intermediate in the production of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals. Its derivatives are integral to the synthesis of azo dyes, which are widely used in textiles and printing. In the pharmaceutical industry, it serves as a precursor for drugs such as paracetamol and other analgesics. Additionally, it is used in the manufacture of UV absorbers and other specialty chemicals.
Safety and Storage
4-Nitrophenyl is classified as harmful if swallowed or inhaled and may cause skin and eye irritation. Proper personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves and goggles, should be worn when handling this compound. Storage should be in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat sources and open flames. Containers must be tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption and contamination.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring 4-nitrophenyl, it is essential to verify the CAS number (100-02-7) and the purity level required for your application. Reputable suppliers should provide certificates of analysis (CoA) to ensure quality. Bulk purchases typically offer cost advantages, but storage conditions must be carefully managed to maintain product integrity. Consider suppliers with a proven track record in chemical distribution and compliance with safety regulations.
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