Overview
4-Hydroxybiphenyl, also known as 4-phenylphenol, is an organic compound belonging to the class of aromatic alcohols. It is widely used as an intermediate in the synthesis of various chemicals, including pharmaceuticals, dyes, and rubber additives. The compound is characterized by its white crystalline appearance and moderate solubility in organic solvents. 4-Hydroxybiphenyl is derived from biphenyl and is notable for its phenolic properties, which make it useful in reactions requiring a hydroxyl group. Its stability and reactivity under controlled conditions have cemented its role in industrial chemistry.
Physical and Chemical Properties
4-Hydroxybiphenyl is a white to off-white crystalline solid with a molecular weight of 170.21 g/mol. It has a melting point of 164-166 °C and a boiling point of 305 °C. The compound is soluble in organic solvents like ethanol and ether but only slightly soluble in water. The density of 4-hydroxybiphenyl is 1.24 g/cm³, and it exhibits typical phenolic behavior, such as forming salts with alkali hydroxides. Its aromatic structure contributes to its stability and reactivity in various chemical reactions, making it a versatile intermediate.
Main Applications
4-Hydroxybiphenyl serves as a key intermediate in the pharmaceutical industry, where it is used to synthesize active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). It is also employed in the production of dyes, particularly azo dyes, which are used in textiles and plastics. In addition, the compound is utilized as a rubber additive to improve the durability and performance of rubber products. Its preservative properties make it suitable for use in certain industrial applications, such as wood treatments and coatings.
Safety and Storage
4-Hydroxybiphenyl is classified as harmful if swallowed or inhaled and can cause skin and eye irritation. Proper personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves and goggles, should be worn when handling the compound. Adequate ventilation is essential to avoid inhalation of dust or vapors. The chemical should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and oxidizing agents. Containers must be tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. Spills should be cleaned up immediately using appropriate absorbent materials.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring 4-hydroxybiphenyl, buyers should verify the purity and CAS number (92-69-3) to ensure they are receiving the correct product. Supplier certifications, such as ISO or GMP, should be checked to guarantee quality and reliability. Packaging specifications, including moisture-proof and light-resistant containers, are critical for maintaining product integrity. Buyers should also compare prices from multiple suppliers, as costs can vary significantly based on purity and quantity. Bulk purchases may offer cost advantages for large-scale industrial applications.
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