Overview
4-Hydroxybenzonitrile is an organic aromatic compound belonging to both nitrile and phenol chemical families. The simultaneous presence of a cyano group (-CN) and hydroxyl group (-OH) on the benzene ring makes it a versatile intermediate in organic synthesis. Industrially produced through cyanation of p-hydroxybenzaldehyde or other routes, this compound has gained importance in specialty chemical manufacturing. First synthesized in the early 20th century, its commercial production expanded with the growth of liquid crystal display technology and advanced pharmaceutical synthesis. The compound's molecular structure allows for various chemical transformations, particularly in creating more complex molecules through reactions at either the hydroxyl or nitrile functional groups.
Physical and Chemical Properties
As a crystalline solid, 4-hydroxybenzonitrile exhibits moderate thermal stability with a melting point range of 112-115°C. The compound sublimes slowly at temperatures approaching its melting point. Its density of approximately 1.18 g/cm³ is typical for aromatic nitriles. The phenolic hydroxyl group contributes to weak acidity (pKa ~8), allowing salt formation with strong bases. Chemically, the nitrile group is relatively stable but can be hydrolyzed to carboxylic acids or reduced to primary amines. The hydroxyl group participates in typical phenolic reactions including etherification and ester formation. Under UV light, the compound shows some photochemical reactivity, which contributes to its utility in certain UV-absorbing applications.
Main Applications
In the pharmaceutical industry, 4-hydroxybenzonitrile serves as a key intermediate for synthesizing various drugs including certain antihypertensive agents and antimicrobial compounds. Its ability to form hydrogen bonds through both functional groups makes it particularly valuable in designing bioactive molecules. The electronics industry utilizes this compound in manufacturing liquid crystal materials, where its molecular structure helps achieve desired alignment properties. Additionally, it finds use as a building block for UV stabilizers in plastics and coatings. Some agrochemical formulations incorporate derivatives of 4-hydroxybenzonitrile as active ingredients or synthesis intermediates.
Safety and Storage
As with many nitrile compounds, proper handling precautions are essential. The material may cause skin and eye irritation upon contact, and inhalation of dust should be avoided. Appropriate personal protective equipment including chemical-resistant gloves and safety goggles is recommended when handling the substance. For storage, keep containers tightly sealed in a cool (below 30°C), dry environment away from strong oxidizers and bases. Shelf life typically exceeds two years when stored properly. In case of spills, collect material using appropriate absorbents and dispose according to local regulations. Firefighting measures include using dry chemical powder or carbon dioxide for small fires.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring 4-hydroxybenzonitrile for industrial use, buyers should clearly specify required purity levels (typically 98% or 99% for most applications) and preferred packaging (commonly 25kg fiber drums or larger bulk containers). Technical datasheets should include detailed impurity profiles, especially for pharmaceutical applications. Lead times vary by supplier but generally range from 2-6 weeks for standard orders. Quality verification through third-party analysis may be advisable for first-time suppliers. Many manufacturers offer both standard and custom purity grades, with prices generally decreasing for larger quantity orders. Consider requesting samples for testing before placing large orders, particularly when the material will be used in sensitive applications.
Related Manufacturers
- 主营：乙硫醇、环丁砜、四氢吡咯、3-羟基丙腈、四氢噻吩、四氢呋喃、三聚甲醛、二甲基亚砜、二甲基二硫醚、氯乙酸、氯乙酸钠、偏铝酸钠、异辛烷、偏三甲苯、硬脂酸锌、苯酚、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、MIBC、苯酐、顺酐
- 主营：四氢噻吩、二甲基二硫、一乙醇胺、对羟基苯甲腈价格、异辛醇、环丁砜、二甲基亚砜、异丙醚、环己酮、异辛烷、氟硼酸、三乙胺、正庚烷、燕化苯酚、马来酸酐、三乙醇胺、亚硝酸钠、鲁西甲酸、三氧化二锑、3-乙氧基丙胺
- 主营：回收油漆、回收树脂、回收橡胶助剂、对羟基苯甲腈、回收油漆厂原料、回收橡胶、回收香精、回收热熔胶
- 主营：化学试剂、氯金酸、卡尔费休、对羟基苯甲腈、乙醇、异丙醇、药用辅料、依地酸钙钠、碳酸钠、盐酸氨丁三醇、龙胆酸、枸橼酸钠、甲醇、氢氧化钠、钴锰催化剂、硫酸锰、乙腈、色谱试剂、助剂、指示剂、醋酸锰、醋酸钴、氨丁三醇、尿素、硼酸
- 主营：四氢噻吩、乙硫醇、二甲基亚砜、对氯间甲酚、二甲基二硫、正辛硫醇、百里香酚、氟化铯、乙硫氨酯、四水合乙酸钴、二异丁基酮、乳酸乙酯、正己烷、2-甲基吡啶、环氧氯丙烷、亚磷酸三苯酯、环丁砜、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、二乙烯基苯、四氯化锆、二氧六环、氯化锂、硫酸锂
- 主营：花生酸、碳酸钠、单氟磷酸钠、丁基羟基茴香醚、鱼大豆酵母原料
- 主营：有机原料、中间体、香精香料、催化剂、有机硅、表面活性剂
- 主营：杜仲素、丙烯酸酯、二氧化硫脲、对位酯、乙基麦芽酚、饲料添加剂、油酸基硬脂酸、二苯基硅二醇
- 主营：甲基丙烯酸十二酯、甲基丙烯酸十六酯、甲基丙烯酸十八酯、对氰基苯酚、丙烯酸十二酯、丙烯酸十六酯、丙烯酸十八酯、V50引发剂、偶氮二异丁咪唑啉盐酸盐、N-乙酰己内酰胺、硅烷偶联剂、双马来酰亚胺、马来酸酯、缩水甘油酯、缩水甘油醚、甲基咪唑、N-异丙基丙烯酰胺、金属萃取剂
- 主营：高铁酸钾
- 主营：甘氨酸、水苏糖、阻燃剂、硫酸锌、硫酸锆、硫酸锂、硫酸锶、硫酸锰、铝酸锌、1680-21-3、牛磺酸、褪黑素、磷酸铁、丙酸铵、苏云金、碳酸镁、麝香酮、肉桂醛、磷酸铝、王浆酸、椰油胺、赖氨酸、增塑剂、浸膏粉、乙氧基
- 主营：丙烯酸单体、全氟三丁胺、甲基丙烯酸十八酯、对氰基苯酚、乙二醇二缩水甘油醚、催化剂、催干剂、环氧稀释剂、增塑剂、偶联剂、交联剂、橡胶塑料助剂、电镀电子科技材料、丙烯酸酯类
- 主营：固体酸催化剂、重组胶原蛋白、硅油、羟基苯甲腈、特种硅油、聚硅氮烷、硼酸铝晶须、碳化硅晶须、t-BAMBP萃取剂、全氟三丁胺
- 主营：三氯乙烯、乙二醛、异丙醇、对羟基苯甲腈、苯乙烯、异辛醇、二氯甲烷、醋酸乙烯、二乙基乙醇胺、叔十二烷基硫醇、正十二烷基硫醇、己二胺、过硫酸铵、乙硫醇、小苏打、顺酐、苯酚、吗啉、异丙醚、过硫酸钠、三羟甲基丙烷、环氧氯丙烷、甲基丙烯酸、四氢呋喃、正辛硫醇、偶氮二异丁腈
- 主营：冰醋酸、二甲胺水溶液、三甲胺、对羟基苯甲腈价格、片碱、草酸、醋酸乙酯、DMF二甲基甲酰胺、过碳酸钠、氨基磺酸、油酸钠、二氯乙烷、二氯甲烷、苯酚、双酚A、环氧丙烷、二甲苯、硫酸铜、黄丹粉、红丹粉、四氧化三铅、三乙醇胺、丙二醇、二甲基乙酰胺、四氯乙烯、一水柠檬酸