Overview
4'-Dihydroxyflavone is a naturally occurring flavonoid derivative, classified as a flavone due to its core 2-phenylchromen-4-one structure. It is studied for its bioactive potential, particularly in modulating cellular pathways related to oxidative stress and inflammation. Unlike some synthetic analogs, it exhibits favorable bioavailability and low toxicity in preclinical models. As a research chemical, it is primarily supplied to pharmaceutical and academic laboratories investigating flavonoid mechanisms. Its dual hydroxyl groups at positions 4' and 7 contribute to its radical-scavenging activity, making it a reference compound in antioxidant studies.
Physical and Chemical Properties
The compound forms yellow crystals with a characteristic UV absorption spectrum (λmax ~260 and 340 nm in methanol), useful for analytical quantification. Its moderate polarity allows solubility in organic solvents like DMSO (50-100 mg/mL) but limited water solubility (~0.1 mg/mL), requiring solvent optimization for biological assays. Thermal analysis shows stability below 200°C, with decomposition occurring near the melting point. The phenolic hydroxyl groups make it susceptible to oxidation under prolonged light exposure, necessitating amber glass storage. In alkaline conditions (pH >9), it may form soluble phenolate salts.
Main Applications
In drug discovery, 4'-dihydroxyflavone serves as a lead compound for designing neuroprotective agents, with studies suggesting modulation of BDNF signaling. It is also used as a standard in quantifying flavonoid content in botanicals (e.g., propolis, citrus extracts) via HPLC methods. Nutraceutical manufacturers explore its inclusion in antioxidant formulations, though clinical evidence remains preliminary. Recent research highlights its potential in metabolic syndrome models, where it may improve insulin sensitivity. Industrial applications include specialty coatings where flavonoid-metal complexes enhance material properties.
Safety and Storage
While classified as non-toxic (LD50 >2000 mg/kg in rodents), workplace handling requires dust control measures due to potential respiratory irritation. Spills should be contained with inert absorbents and disposed as organic waste. No special transport regulations apply for small quantities. Long-term stability is achieved under inert gas (argon) in sealed vials, with periodic purity checks recommended for stored batches. Avoid contact with strong oxidizers, as phenolic compounds may undergo exothermic reactions. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) should be reviewed prior to large-scale use.
B2B Procurement Guide
Bulk purchasers should prioritize suppliers with ISO 9001 certification and analytical COAs (Certificate of Analysis) specifying purity ≥98% (HPLC). Custom synthesis options are available for isotope-labeled derivatives (e.g., 13C/2H) used in tracer studies. Spot prices fluctuate based on precursor (e.g., naringenin) availability. Contract manufacturing agreements typically require minimum orders of 1-5 kg, with lead times of 4-8 weeks. For research institutions, some vendors offer aliquot services (e.g., 10-100 mg units) to reduce waste. Always confirm shipping complies with IATA regulations for chemical solids.
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