Overview
4-Bromonaphthalene is a brominated aromatic hydrocarbon derived from naphthalene, widely used as an intermediate in organic synthesis. Its chemical structure consists of a naphthalene ring with a bromine atom at the 4-position, making it a valuable building block for pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and specialty chemicals. Due to its reactivity, 4-Bromonaphthalene is often employed in cross-coupling reactions, such as Suzuki and Heck reactions, which are pivotal in constructing complex organic molecules. Its stability and solubility in organic solvents make it a preferred choice in laboratory and industrial settings.
Physical and Chemical Properties
4-Bromonaphthalene appears as a white to pale yellow crystalline solid with a molecular weight of 207.07 g/mol. It has a melting point of 55-58 °C and a boiling point of 281-283 °C. The compound is denser than water, with a density of 1.49 g/cm³. It is soluble in common organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and benzene but is practically insoluble in water. The bromine atom at the 4-position makes it moderately reactive, particularly in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. Its stability under normal conditions ensures safe handling and storage.
Main Applications
4-Bromonaphthalene is primarily used as an intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, where it serves as a precursor for active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). It is also employed in the production of agrochemicals, such as pesticides and herbicides, due to its ability to introduce bromine into organic molecules. In addition, the compound finds applications in the dye industry, where it is used to create brominated dyes and pigments. Its versatility in organic reactions, including cross-coupling and nucleophilic substitution, makes it indispensable in research and industrial chemistry.
Safety and Storage
4-Bromonaphthalene is classified as an irritant, posing risks to skin and eyes upon contact. Proper personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves and goggles, should be worn when handling the compound. Inhalation of dust or vapors should be avoided by working in a well-ventilated area or using a fume hood. Storage conditions require a cool, dry place away from light and moisture to prevent degradation. The compound should be kept in a tightly sealed container to minimize exposure to air and humidity, which could affect its purity and reactivity.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring 4-Bromonaphthalene, buyers should verify the CAS number (2345-27-7) to ensure product authenticity. Purity specifications, typically ranging from 97% to 99%, should be confirmed with the supplier based on intended use. Prices vary depending on quantity and purity, with reference ranges of approximately $50-$100 per kilogram. Bulk purchases may offer cost advantages. Reliable suppliers should provide material safety data sheets (MSDS) and certificates of analysis (CoA) to ensure compliance with safety and quality standards.
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