3-Fluoro-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde
Overview
3-Fluoro-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde is a fluorinated derivative of benzaldehyde, featuring a hydroxyl group at the 2-position and a fluorine atom at the 3-position on the benzene ring. This structural combination lends it unique reactivity, making it valuable in synthetic chemistry. Primarily used as a building block in organic synthesis, it serves as an intermediate for pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and advanced materials. Its fluorine substitution enhances metabolic stability in drug design, while the hydroxyl and aldehyde groups enable further functionalization.
Physical and Chemical Properties
The compound appears as a pale yellow to white crystalline powder with a melting point of 70-74°C. It is soluble in common organic solvents like ethanol and DMSO but has limited water solubility. Its molecular structure includes an electron-withdrawing fluorine atom and an electron-donating hydroxyl group, creating a polarized aromatic system. This duality allows participation in reactions such as Schiff base formation, nucleophilic substitutions, and metal-catalyzed couplings.
Main Applications
In pharmaceuticals, 3-Fluoro-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde is a key intermediate for synthesizing fluorinated active ingredients, including antimicrobials and anti-inflammatory agents. The fluorine atom often improves bioavailability and binding affinity. It also finds use in agrochemicals, such as herbicides and fungicides, where fluorination enhances environmental persistence. Specialty chemical manufacturers employ it to create ligands for catalysis or fluorescent markers for research applications.
Safety and Storage
The compound is classified as an irritant, requiring handling with nitrile gloves, goggles, and fume hoods. Avoid inhalation or skin contact to prevent irritation or sensitization. Store in airtight containers under inert gas (e.g., nitrogen) at room temperature, protected from light and humidity. Shelf life typically exceeds 24 months when stored correctly. Dispose of waste via licensed hazardous waste handlers to comply with environmental regulations.
B2B Procurement Guide
When sourcing 3-Fluoro-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde, prioritize suppliers providing certificates of analysis (CoA) with HPLC purity ≥98%. Batch-specific NMR and MS data ensure consistency for critical applications. For bulk procurement (kilograms+), negotiate pricing tiers and confirm GMP compliance if intended for pharmaceutical use. Lead times vary; specialty orders may require 4-8 weeks. Consider regional suppliers (e.g., China for cost efficiency, EU/US for regulatory assurance).
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