Overview
1,3-Dioxol-2-one, also known as ethylene carbonate, is a cyclic organic carbonate with the molecular formula C3H2O3. It is widely used in industrial applications due to its role as a polar aprotic solvent and its ability to dissolve a variety of substances. The compound is notable for its high dielectric constant, making it valuable in electrochemical applications, particularly in lithium-ion batteries. In addition to its use as a solvent, 1,3-Dioxol-2-one is employed as a reagent in organic synthesis, where it participates in reactions such as transesterification and carbonylation. Its stability and solubility properties make it a versatile component in both laboratory and industrial settings.
Physical and Chemical Properties
1,3-Dioxol-2-one is a colorless to pale yellow liquid or crystalline solid at room temperature, depending on its purity and storage conditions. It has a melting point of 36-38°C and a boiling point of 248°C, though it tends to decompose at higher temperatures. The compound is highly soluble in water, ethanol, and most organic solvents, which enhances its utility in various applications. Its density is approximately 1.321 g/cm³ at 20°C, and it exhibits a high dielectric constant, making it an effective solvent for electrolytes. The chemical stability of 1,3-Dioxol-2-one under normal conditions contributes to its widespread use, though it should be handled with care due to its irritant properties.
Main Applications
One of the primary uses of 1,3-Dioxol-2-one is as an electrolyte solvent in lithium-ion batteries. Its high dielectric constant and ability to dissolve lithium salts make it ideal for this purpose. The compound also serves as a key component in the production of other carbonates and polycarbonates, which are used in plastics and coatings. In organic synthesis, 1,3-Dioxol-2-one is employed as a reagent for carbonylation and transesterification reactions. Its solvent properties are leveraged in industrial processes, including the manufacture of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals. The versatility of this compound ensures its relevance across multiple industries.
Safety and Storage
1,3-Dioxol-2-one is classified as an irritant and should be handled with appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves and safety goggles. Prolonged exposure to skin or eyes can cause irritation, and inhalation of vapors should be avoided. In case of contact, rinse thoroughly with water and seek medical attention if necessary. Storage conditions are critical to maintaining the stability of 1,3-Dioxol-2-one. It should be kept in a cool, dry place away from heat sources and open flames. Containers should be tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. Proper labeling and adherence to safety regulations are essential for safe handling and storage.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring 1,3-Dioxol-2-one, buyers should verify the purity and CAS number (96-49-1) to ensure they are receiving the correct compound. Certifications such as REACH or ISO compliance can indicate quality and reliability. The reference price range is approximately $5-$15 per kg, depending on quantity and purity requirements. Suppliers should be evaluated based on their ability to provide consistent quality, timely delivery, and proper documentation. Bulk purchases may offer cost advantages, but storage capacity and shelf life should be considered. Establishing long-term relationships with reputable suppliers can help secure stable pricing and reliable supply chains.
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