Overview
3-Bromobenzaldehyde is an organic compound belonging to the class of aromatic aldehydes. It features a bromine atom at the meta position of the benzene ring, which influences its reactivity in synthesis. The compound is widely utilized in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries due to its role as a versatile intermediate. Its molecular structure allows for further functionalization, making it valuable for constructing complex molecules. Industrial-scale production typically involves bromination of benzaldehyde derivatives or oxidation of 3-bromobenzyl alcohol.
Physical and Chemical Properties
As a yellowish liquid, 3-bromobenzaldehyde has a distinct aromatic odor. Its density of 1.58 g/cm³ and boiling point of 230-232°C reflect its moderate volatility. The bromine substituent increases molecular weight compared to unsubstituted benzaldehyde, affecting solubility and reactivity. The compound exhibits typical aldehyde reactivity, participating in condensation, reduction, and nucleophilic addition reactions. Its insolubility in water but solubility in organic solvents like ethanol and ether makes it suitable for organic synthesis under anhydrous conditions.
Main Applications
In pharmaceuticals, 3-bromobenzaldehyde serves as a building block for active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), particularly in antipsychotic and antiviral drug synthesis. Its meta-substitution pattern is strategically valuable for creating specific molecular geometries. Agrochemical manufacturers use it to produce herbicides and fungicides. Additionally, it finds niche applications in specialty chemicals, including liquid crystals and dyes, where its bromine atom enables further derivatization through cross-coupling reactions.
Safety and Storage
As an irritant, 3-bromobenzaldehyde requires careful handling with nitrile gloves and chemical goggles. Adequate ventilation is essential to prevent vapor accumulation. Spills should be contained with inert absorbents and disposed of as hazardous waste. Storage recommendations include amber glass bottles or HDPE containers in cool (15-25°C), dry conditions, separated from strong oxidizers. Shelf life typically exceeds 24 months when stored properly, though periodic purity checks are advisable for sensitive applications.
B2B Procurement Guide
When sourcing 3-bromobenzaldehyde, prioritize suppliers with ISO 9001 certification and batch-specific Certificates of Analysis (CoA). Key specifications to verify include purity (≥98%), water content (<0.5%), and absence of heavy metals. For bulk procurement (100kg+), negotiate tiered pricing and confirm logistics arrangements—the compound often requires UN-certified packaging for transport. Consider regional suppliers to minimize lead times; major producers are located in China, India, and Western Europe. Sample testing is recommended before large orders.
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