Overview
Isoamyl acetate, commonly referred to as banana oil due to its characteristic aroma, is an organic ester derived from acetic acid and isoamyl alcohol. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a strong fruity odor resembling bananas or pears. This compound is naturally found in bananas and other fruits but is primarily produced synthetically for industrial applications. As a versatile chemical, isoamyl acetate is widely used in the food, fragrance, and chemical industries. Its pleasant smell and solvent properties make it a popular choice for flavorings, perfumes, and as a cleaning agent in electronics manufacturing. The compound is regulated for food use in many countries, reflecting its safety when used appropriately.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Isoamyl acetate has a molecular weight of 130.19 g/mol and a density of 0.876 g/cm³ at 20°C. It is a volatile liquid with a boiling point of 142°C and a melting point of -78°C. The compound is slightly soluble in water but mixes well with most organic solvents including ethanol, ether, and benzene. Chemically, isoamyl acetate is stable under normal conditions but can hydrolyze in the presence of strong acids or bases to form acetic acid and isoamyl alcohol. Its characteristic fruity odor is detectable at very low concentrations, making it valuable for flavor and fragrance applications. The ester is flammable with a flash point of 25°C, requiring careful handling and storage.
Main Applications
The primary use of isoamyl acetate is as an artificial flavoring agent, particularly for banana flavors in food products like candies, baked goods, and beverages. In the fragrance industry, it serves as a key component in perfumes, soaps, and personal care products due to its pleasant fruity aroma. Industrial applications include its use as a solvent for cellulose nitrate, lacquers, and varnishes. The electronics industry utilizes isoamyl acetate as a cleaning agent for printed circuit boards. Additionally, it finds use in the production of artificial leather and as a solvent in some pharmaceutical preparations. The compound's relatively low toxicity makes it suitable for these diverse applications.
Safety and Storage
Isoamyl acetate is classified as a flammable liquid and should be stored in tightly sealed containers away from heat sources and open flames. Proper ventilation is essential when handling the chemical to prevent vapor accumulation. Storage areas should be cool and dry, with temperature control to prevent pressure buildup in containers. Personal protective equipment including gloves and eye protection is recommended when working with concentrated forms. In case of spillage, absorb with inert material and dispose of properly. The compound may cause irritation to eyes and skin upon contact, and inhalation of vapors can lead to respiratory discomfort. Always refer to material safety data sheets for specific handling instructions.
B2B Procurement Guide
When purchasing isoamyl acetate for industrial use, verify the CAS number (123-92-2) to ensure product authenticity. Key specifications to check include purity level (typically 98-99.5%), water content, and acidity. Food-grade material requires additional certifications for flavor applications. Consider ordering in bulk quantities (drums or totes) for cost efficiency, as prices typically decrease with volume. Reputable suppliers should provide proper documentation including certificates of analysis, safety data sheets, and transportation classifications. For international shipments, verify compliance with regional chemical regulations. Establish long-term relationships with suppliers to ensure consistent quality and reliable delivery schedules.
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