Overview
2-Nitroaniline, also known as o-nitroaniline, is an organic compound with the molecular formula C6H6N2O2. It is a yellow to orange crystalline powder primarily used as an intermediate in the synthesis of dyes and pigments. The compound is derived from aniline through nitration and is classified as an aromatic nitro compound. 2-Nitroaniline is an important building block in the chemical industry, particularly in the production of azo dyes, which are widely used in textiles, inks, and plastics. Due to its reactivity and functional groups, it serves as a precursor for various chemical transformations.
Physical and Chemical Properties
2-Nitroaniline is characterized by its yellow to orange crystalline appearance and a distinct odor. It has a melting point of 71-73 °C and a boiling point of 284-286 °C. The compound is slightly soluble in water but dissolves readily in organic solvents such as ethanol and ether. Chemically, 2-nitroaniline is an aromatic amine with a nitro group (-NO2) attached to the benzene ring. This structure makes it reactive in various chemical processes, including reduction and diazotization, which are essential for dye synthesis. The compound's density is 1.442 g/cm³, and it exhibits moderate stability under standard conditions.
Main Applications
The primary use of 2-nitroaniline is as an intermediate in the production of dyes and pigments, particularly azo dyes. These dyes are valued for their vibrant colors and are used in textiles, inks, and plastics. The compound's nitro group makes it a versatile precursor for further chemical reactions. In addition to dye manufacturing, 2-nitroaniline is employed in organic synthesis for producing pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Its reactivity allows it to serve as a building block for more complex molecules. However, its use is largely confined to industrial applications due to its toxicity.
Safety and Storage
2-Nitroaniline is classified as harmful if swallowed, inhaled, or in contact with skin. Proper personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves, goggles, and respirators, should be used when handling the compound. Adequate ventilation is essential to prevent inhalation of dust or vapors. The compound should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat sources and open flames. It is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents and reducing agents. Spills should be contained and cleaned up immediately using appropriate absorbent materials.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring 2-nitroaniline, buyers should verify the CAS number (88-74-4) and purity specifications to ensure product quality. Reputable suppliers should provide material safety data sheets (MSDS) and certificates of analysis (CoA). Bulk purchases may offer cost advantages, but storage conditions must be carefully managed. Buyers should also consider logistics and transportation requirements, as the compound is classified as hazardous. Establishing long-term relationships with reliable suppliers can ensure consistent quality and availability.
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