Overview
2-Cyanopyridine is an organic compound belonging to the pyridine family, characterized by a nitrile group attached to the second carbon of the pyridine ring. It is a versatile intermediate in chemical synthesis, particularly in the production of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. The compound is known for its reactivity, making it valuable for constructing complex molecules. 2-Cyanopyridine is typically produced through the cyanation of pyridine derivatives or via other specialized synthetic routes. Its applications span multiple industries, including medicine, agriculture, and specialty chemicals. Due to its reactive nature, handling requires adherence to safety protocols to prevent exposure.
Physical and Chemical Properties
2-Cyanopyridine appears as a white to pale yellow crystalline powder with a distinct odor. It has a molecular weight of 104.11 g/mol and a density of 1.08 g/cm³. The compound melts at 26-28 °C and boils at 212-214 °C, making it stable under typical storage conditions. It is soluble in water and common organic solvents like ethanol, acetone, and dichloromethane. The nitrile group in 2-cyanopyridine is highly reactive, participating in nucleophilic addition reactions, hydrolysis, and other transformations. These properties make it a valuable building block for synthesizing heterocyclic compounds and functionalized pyridines.
Main Applications
2-Cyanopyridine is primarily used as an intermediate in the pharmaceutical industry, where it serves as a precursor for drugs such as antihypertensives and antivirals. Its nitrile group can be converted into carboxylic acids, amides, or other functional groups, enabling diverse synthetic pathways. In agrochemicals, it is employed to produce pesticides and herbicides. The compound also finds use in dye manufacturing and as a ligand in catalysis. Its versatility and reactivity make it indispensable in organic synthesis, particularly for constructing nitrogen-containing heterocycles.
Safety and Storage
2-Cyanopyridine is classified as harmful and requires careful handling. Exposure can occur through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact, leading to irritation or systemic toxicity. Proper personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves, goggles, and lab coats, is essential. Storage should be in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat sources and open flames. Containers must be tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption and degradation. Spills should be contained and cleaned up immediately using appropriate absorbents and disposal methods.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring 2-cyanopyridine, buyers should prioritize suppliers with proven quality certifications, such as ISO or GMP compliance. Key specifications to verify include purity (typically 98-99%), CAS number (100-70-9), and batch consistency. Bulk purchases often offer cost savings, but storage capacity and shelf-life considerations must be evaluated. Request safety data sheets (SDS) and certificates of analysis (CoA) to ensure compliance with regulatory standards. Establish long-term relationships with reliable suppliers to secure stable pricing and timely deliveries.
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