2-(3-Chlorophenoxy)propionic acid
Overview
2-(3-Chlorophenoxy)propionic acid is an organic compound belonging to the chlorophenoxy acid family. It is structurally characterized by a chlorophenoxy group attached to a propionic acid backbone. This compound is primarily recognized for its role in agriculture, where it functions as a selective herbicide and plant growth regulator. The chemical is synthesized through the reaction of 3-chlorophenol with propionic acid derivatives. Its selective herbicidal properties make it effective against broadleaf weeds while minimizing damage to crops like cereals. Industrial applications also include its use as an intermediate in the synthesis of other agrochemicals.
Physical and Chemical Properties
2-(3-Chlorophenoxy)propionic acid typically presents as a white to off-white crystalline solid with a melting point range of 94-96°C. It is sparingly soluble in water but dissolves readily in common organic solvents such as ethanol, acetone, and dichloromethane. The compound is stable under normal storage conditions but may degrade under prolonged exposure to heat or UV light. Its molecular structure features a chlorine atom at the meta position of the phenoxy ring, which influences its herbicidal activity. The acid group allows for salt formation, which can modify solubility properties for formulation purposes. The compound exhibits moderate persistence in soil, with degradation occurring primarily through microbial action.
Main Applications
The primary application of 2-(3-Chlorophenoxy)propionic acid is in agriculture as a selective herbicide. It is particularly effective against broadleaf weeds in cereal crops, often used in combination with other herbicides for enhanced spectrum control. The compound works by mimicking natural plant hormones, disrupting normal growth patterns in susceptible weed species. Beyond herbicidal use, it serves as a plant growth regulator in certain horticultural applications. In the chemical industry, it functions as a building block for synthesizing more complex agrochemicals. Some research has explored its potential in pharmaceutical intermediates, though these applications remain limited compared to its agricultural uses.
Safety and Storage
2-(3-Chlorophenoxy)propionic acid requires careful handling due to its potential health effects. Direct contact may cause skin and eye irritation, and inhalation of dust should be avoided. Appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) including gloves, goggles, and respiratory protection is recommended when handling the compound. For storage, maintain in tightly sealed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible materials. The compound should be protected from moisture and direct sunlight to prevent degradation. Regulatory requirements vary by region, so users should consult local regulations regarding transportation, storage, and disposal of this chemical.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring 2-(3-Chlorophenoxy)propionic acid industrially, buyers should specify required purity levels (typically 95-98% for agricultural applications) and verify the CAS number (101-10-0) to ensure product authenticity. Technical grade is commonly available for agricultural formulations, while higher purity may be required for chemical synthesis applications. Consider minimum order quantities (MOQs), which typically range from 25kg to metric ton quantities for bulk purchases. Evaluate supplier certifications, including ISO and GMP compliance where applicable. Pricing varies based on market conditions, with typical ranges of $50-$150 per kg. For international shipments, ensure proper hazardous material classification and documentation.
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