Sodium Lauryl Sulfate[2]

Updated: 2026-09-16

Overview

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) is a synthetic organic compound widely used as a surfactant in industrial and consumer applications. Its ability to reduce surface tension makes it effective in cleaning and foaming products. SLS is derived from coconut or palm oil through a sulfation process, followed by neutralization with sodium carbonate. As an anionic surfactant, SLS is valued for its cost-effectiveness and performance in a variety of formulations. It is commonly found in household cleaners, personal care products, and industrial applications where foaming and emulsification are required.

Physical and Chemical Properties

SLS appears as a white or cream-colored crystalline powder with a slight odor. It is highly soluble in water, forming a clear to slightly hazy solution. The compound has a melting point of 204-207°C and decomposes before reaching a boiling point, making it unsuitable for high-temperature applications. Chemically, SLS is stable under normal conditions but may react with strong oxidizers. Its surfactant properties stem from its amphiphilic structure, with a hydrophobic (dodecyl) tail and hydrophilic (sulfate) head. This structure enables it to emulsify oils and suspend dirt particles in water.

Main Applications

The primary use of SLS is in cleaning and personal care products. In detergents and shampoos, it acts as a foaming agent and emulsifier, helping to remove grease and dirt. Toothpaste formulations utilize SLS for its ability to create foam and disperse ingredients evenly. Industrial applications include use in textile processing, where it serves as a wetting agent, and in emulsion polymerization. SLS is also found in firefighting foams and some agricultural chemicals. Its versatility and low cost make it a staple in many formulations across multiple industries.

Safety and Storage

While SLS is generally considered safe for use in consumer products at low concentrations, it can cause skin and eye irritation in its pure form. Proper handling with gloves and eye protection is recommended in industrial settings. Inhalation of dust should be avoided. Storage requires a cool, dry environment away from moisture and incompatible materials such as strong oxidizers. SLS is hygroscopic and may clump if exposed to humid conditions. Properly sealed containers help maintain product quality and prevent contamination.

B2B Procurement Guide

When procuring SLS for industrial use, buyers should prioritize suppliers with certifications like ISO or GMP to ensure quality and consistency. Key specifications to verify include purity (typically >95%), pH (7-9.5 in 1% solution), and absence of heavy metals. Bulk purchasing often reduces costs, but storage capacity and shelf life (typically 2 years) should be considered. Request samples for quality testing before large orders, and confirm packaging options (25kg bags, drums, or custom sizes) to match your handling capabilities. Reliable suppliers provide technical data sheets and safety documentation.